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    UNIVERSITY OF PUNE F. Y. B. Sc. Botany Syllabus

    Botany Paper – I (Plant Diversity)
    First Term : Plant Diversity Part – I ( 36 Lectures )
    1. Introduction to plant diversity: (4L)
    Plant diversity – concept, Plant kingdom- Cryptogams and
    Phanerogams, diversity in plant kingdom – habit, habitat, duration of
    life, Position of plants in five kingdom system.
    2. Algal diversity: (10L)
    Occurrence, habitat, thallus, cell structure, pigment and food reserve
    material, reproduction
    Life cycle patterns in Ulothrix and Ulva
    3. Fungal diversity: (10L)
    Occurrence, cell structure (Myxomycetes – Stemonites and Eumycetes –
    Aspergillus), thallus, nutrition and reproduction
    Life cycle patterns in Cystopus and Agaricus
    4. Lichen diversity: (3L)
    Thallus, reproduction and association
    5. Bryophyte diversity: (9L)
    Occurrence, thallus, reproduction and sporophyte diversity
    Life cycle pattern in Bryophytes
    Second Term : Plant Diversity Part – II ( 36 Lectures )
    1. Pteridophyte diversity: (8L)
    Sporophyte, gametophyte and reproduction
    Life cycle pattern in Pteridophytes
    Diversity in stelar type
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    2. Gymnosperm diversity : (8L)
    Sporophyte, gametophyte, reproduction and wood
    Life cycle pattern in Gymnosperms
    Affinities with pteridophytes and angiosperms
    3. Angiosperm diversity: (14L)
    Sporophyte diversity in habit, habitat, organization of body and nutrition
    Mode of reproduction and dispersal
    Gametophyte
    Morphology and anatomy of root, stem and leaf with reference to
    primary structure of dicot and monocot
    Diversity of angiosperms as a basis for evolutionary success and
    dominance
    4. Conservation of plant diversity: (6L)
    Concept, types and Need
    Methods –In-situ and Ex-situ enlisting
    Detail study of National Parks, Biosphere Reserve Programmes; Tissue
    culture and Botanical gardens
    Importance
    3
    Botany Paper –II (Plant Resources - Management and Utilization)
    First Term : Plant Resources - Management and Utilization Part – I
    ( 36 Lectures )
    1. Introduction : (6L)
    a) Concept, natural resources, biological resources, plants as natural
    resources
    b) Management practices - need and methods
    c) Utilization - Bioenergy, food, fodder, fibre, medicine and essences.
    d) Plant Resources
    Processed – Jam, jelly, squash, ketchup, raisin, pickle and rubber
    Unprocessed – Honey, timber, wood, tannins and latex
    2. Nursery management : (6L)
    Introduction, types of nurseries and cultural practices
    Seed (propagule) collection, selection of propagule materials, storage
    and treatment
    Manures, fertilizers and pesticides
    Methods of irrigation – Drip, sprinkler and flood
    3. Horticultural practices : (6L)
    Introduction, branches and importance
    Methods of propagation:
    Vegetative –i) Natural - Rhizome, bulb, corm and sucker
    ii) Artificial –Cuttings, layering, grafting and budding
    Landscaping as a means of plant resources conservation
    4) Greenhouse technology : (6L)
    Introduction, advantages and limitations
    Types of greenhouses
    Greenhouse structure, principle – i) Site selection and orientation, ii)
    Structure materials, iii) Covering materials, iv) Temperature and
    humidity control
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    Greenhouse technology as applied to ornamentals, vegetables, fruit
    plants and medicinal plants
    5. Harvest Technology (8L)
    Harvest technology management for fruits, flowers and medicinal plants
    Artificial ripening, maturity indices, methods of picking
    Post-harvest technology and management for fruits, flowers and
    medicinal plants – Grading, processing, storage and packing
    6. Weed management : (4L)
    Introduction and need
    Invasive weeds - concept and causes of their dominance
    Weed control – Physical, chemical and biological methods
    Sustainable use of weeds
    Second Term : Plant Resources - Management and Utilization
    Part –II ( 36 Lectures )
    1. Flower arrangement : (5L)
    Introduction, principles, types – social, formal and non-formal, materials
    used, vase life improvement. Flower arrangement as a business
    2. Biocontrol : (6L)
    Introduction, sources and advantages
    Important commercial products – Source, preparation and uses of
    Pyrethins, Azadiractin, Trichoderma, Indiara, Trichogramma
    Biocontrol as a agrobusiness
    3. Phytoremediation : (6L)
    Introduction, concept and principles
    Plant population for phytoremediation processes
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    Phytoremediation strategies
    Applications
    4. Bioprospecting : (6L)
    Introduction, concept and scope
    Biochemical resources from plants and fungi
    Untapped plant resources as potential resources
    Sea weeds as a potential resource – Food, fodder and fertilizer
    Applications
    5. Forest as potential resource : (6L)
    Introduction and scope
    Major forest produce and their uses - Timber, fuel, paper (two examples
    of each)
    Minor forest produce and their uses – Gum, resin, tannin, dyes and
    pigments (two examples of each)
    6. Plant resources used in cosmetics, aromatics and pharmaceutics (7L)
    Introduction and scope
    Herbal preparations
    Methods of extraction – Maceration, digestion, decoction, aromatic
    waste, extracts and tinctures
    i) Aloe, ii) Henna, iii) Lemon grass, iv) Rose, v) Jasmine vi) Turmeric,
    vii) Ginger, viii) Neem, ix) Holy basil, x) Kuda, xi) Amala with
    reference to part used, products and uses
    6
    PAPER III ( Practical Course based on Paper I & Paper II )
    F. Y. B. Sc. Botany Syllabus (Practicals)
    (1) Study of prokaryotic organisms. (Nostoc, Oscillatoria, Croococcus,
    Microcystis and Scytonema). 1 P
    (2) Study of thallus diversity in Algae : Chlorella, Volvox, Hydrodictyon,
    Batrchospermum, Caulerpa, Ulva, Padina and Diatoms 1P
    (3) a) Study of thallus diversity in fungi : Stemonites, Synchytrium, Plasmopara
    / Phytopthora and Mucor 1P
    b) Study of thallus diversity in fungi : Phyllachora, Yeast, Puccinia,
    Ustilago, Agaricus, Polyporus / Ganoderma, Aspergillus / Penicillium and
    Fusarium. 1 P
    (4) Study of Lichen diversity : Crustose, Foliose, Fruticose. 1 P
    (5) Study of Bryophyte diversity : Riccia, Anthoceros, Funaria with
    comparative account. 1 P
    (6) Study of methods of propagation with the help of suitable materials –
    tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, corms, suckers and runners. 1 P
    (7) Propagation of horticultural plants by stem cuttings and air layering. 1 P
    (8) Propagation of horticultural plants by grafting (Approach and stone) and
    ‘T’ budding. 1 P
    (9) Visit to nursery and polyhouse/greenhouse. 1 P
    (10) a) Preparation of jam and jelly 1 P
    b) Preparation of squash and pickle 1 P
    (11) Extraction of essential oil from lemon grass / rose petals and collection
    and preparation of Henna powder / Aloe gel. 1 P
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    (12) Study of Pteridophyte diversity (Sporophytes) : Psilotum, Selaginella,
    Equisetum, Nephrolepis with comparative account. 1 P
    (13) Stelar diversity in Pteridophytes. 1 P
    (14) Study of Gymnosperm diversity (Sporophyte) : Cycas, Pinus, Gnetum.
    (comparative account of vegetative and reproductive diversity) 1 P
    (15) Study of Angiosperm diversity with reference to habit – herbs, shrubs,
    trees, climbers, epiphytes and parasites. (with one example of each) 1 P
    (16) Study of Angiosperm diversity with reference to external adaptations :
    hydrophytes, mesophytes, xerophytes and halophytes.(one example of each
    with comparative account) 1 P
    (17) a) Study of internal structure of dicot: stem, root and leaf. 1 P
    b) Study of internal structure of monocot : stem, root and leaf 1 P
    (18) Study of In-situ conservation : Visit to Botanical Garden/Reserve
    forest/National park/Herbal Garden (Visit report expected). 1 P
    (19) Flower arrangements : Formal, non-formal and social. 1 P
    (20) Commercial products and their applications in biocontrol : Pyrethrin,
    Azadiractin and Trichoderma 1 P
    (21) Observation of plants used in phytoremediation :Echhornia, Azolla, Pistia,
    Lemna, Algal blooms 1 P
    (22) Study of plant resources and products : Yeast – Yeast tablets, Penicillium
    – Penicillin, Spirulina – Spirulina tablets, Algal products – agar, liquid
    biofertilizer, Bamboo – paper, Teak – timber, Acacia arabica - gum,
    Asafoetida - resin, Acacia catechu – kath. 1 P
    (23) Study of any two resources of fodder (Alfalfa, Sesbania), fibre (Cotton,
    Coconut), medicinal (Amla, Aloe), biofertilizers (BGA, Azolla), honey, timber
    (Teak, Sisso) and tannins (Acacia pod/bark, Tea). 1 P
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    (24) Observation of weeds with reference to Botanical Name, Family,
    Morphological and Ecological peculiarities:
    Native – Cynadon, Euphorbia, Amaranthus.
    Exotic/Invasive – Parthenium, Xanthium, Alternanthera, Argemone 1 P
    *Students of F. Y. B. Sc. must submit a visit report at the time of practical
    examination with reference to Sacred Groves / National Park / Reserve Forest /
    Botanical Garden and Nursery / Greenhouse.
    * Study tour for observation of plant diversity in nature is compulsory. Report
    on excursion is to be submitted at the time of examination. Submission of
    herbarium is not expected but photographs may be submitted along with report.