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    BIOMOLECULES & BIOTECHNIQUES, Semester I, MSc. BIOTECHNOLOGY CURRICULUM- 2009-2011


    102. BIOMOLECULES & BIOTECHNIQUES

    UNIT I

    1. Chemical foundations of Biology- pH, pK, acids, bases, buffers, weak bonds &
    Covalent bonds, Principles of thermodynamics
    2. Carbohydrates: classification, structure, functions; homo and hetero polysaccharides,
    animal, plant and microbe specific polysaccharides
    3. Lipids: Classification, structure, functions; Lipids with specific biological functions,
    Lipoproteins and biological membrane, micelles and liposomes
    4. Proteins: Classification, Primary, Secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure.,
    Separation, purification and criteria of homogeneity, End group analysis

    UNIT II

    1. Nucleic acids: Structure, Properties of purines and pyrimidine bases, DNA : Structure,
    conformation, prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA, Chromosomal and extra chromosomal
    DNA
    2. RNA: Structure, types and function of mRNA, tRNA, Ribozymes: structure and
    functions.
    3. Nucleic acid metabolism: biosynthesis and breakdown of purine and pyrimidine
    nucleotides by de novo and salvage pathways
    4. Vitamins and cofactors: Structure, distribution, interaction and biological properties

    UNIT III

    1. Outlines of Carbohydrate, Lipid, Protein metabolisms & their integration.
    2. Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation: Electron carriers complexes I - IV
    3. Analytical techniques for biomolecule separation: Paper, TLC, Gel filtration, Ion
    exchange and affinity chromatography
    4. HPLC & Gas- liquid chromatography

    UNIT IV

    1. Centrifugation: Principle, techniques, preparative, analytical and ultracentrifuges,
    applications of centrifugation.
    2. Photometry: Basic principles and applications of colorimetry, UV-visible
    spectrophotometry and IR-Spectrophotometry
    3. Atomic absorption spectroscopy: Instrumentation, Principle and applications
    4. Electrophoresis: PAGE-types, 2D-E, Isotachophoresis, Isoelectric focusing

    UNIT V

    1. Microtomy: types, principle and applications.
    2. Microscopy: Light, Phase contrast, fluorescence and electron microscopies
    3. Radioactivity: GM Counter, Liquid Scintillation counter, Solid Scintillation counters
    4. Auto radiography: Principle and applications

    Practical Exercises

    1. Verification of Beer’s law
    2. Determination of absorption maxima
    3. Electrophoresis of proteins-native and under denaturing conditions
    4. Amino acid and carbohydrate separations by paper & thin layer chromatography
    5. Gas Chromatography
    6. Ion Exchange and gel filtration chromatography
    7. Separation of sub cellular organelles by differential centrifugation
    8. Separation of blood cells by density gradient centrifugation
    9. Titration of amino acids
    10. Colorimetric determination of pK
    11. Reactions of amino acids, sugars and lipids
    12. Quantitation of proteins and sugars by different methods
    13. Analysis of oils-iodine number, saponification value, acid number.

    Reference Books

    1. Principle of Biochemistry by Nelson, Cox and Lehninger
    2. Biochemistry by G.Zubay
    3. Biochemistry by Stryer
    4. Biochemistry by Garrett and Grisham
    5. Biochemical Calculations, Irwin H.Segel,Jhon Wiley and sons Inc
    6. Biochemistry, D Voet and JG Voet, J Wiley and Sons.
    7. Biochemistry, D Freifilder, W.H.Freeman & Company
    8. Laboratory techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Work and Work.
    9. A Biologists guide to Principles and techniques of practical Biochemistry, L Wilson &
    KH Goodling, ELBS Edition, 1986
    10. Physical Biochemistry: Applications to Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by
    Friefelder
    11. Biochemical Techniques: Theory and Practice by Robot and White
    12. Principles of Instrumental Analysis by Scoff and West
    13. Analytical Biochemistry by Holme and Peck
    14. Biological Spectroscopy by Campbell and Dwek
    15. Organic Spectroscopy by Kemp
    16. A Biologists guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry by Wilson
    and Goulding
    17. Principles of Instrumental Anal