212381 Engineering Chemistry I
Teaching Scheme: Examination Scheme:
Lectures: 4 Hrs/week Online: 50Marks
Practical: 2 Hrs/Week Paper: 50 Marks
Practical: 50 Marks
Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course the students should be able to demonstrate:
1) Ability to correlate effect of structure with the reactivity.
2) Understanding of step by step electronic changes involved in reaction.
3) Understanding of basics of atomic structure and bonding and shapes of compounds.
4) Performance of an electrochemical cell including fuel cell.
5) Knowledge of synthesis of commercially important polymers.
Unit 1: Structural Effects and Reactivity: (8 L)
Bond cleavage: homolytic and heterolytic cleavages; attacking reagents – electrophiles and nucleophiles;
reaction intermediates - carbonium, carbanion and free radical formation and stability; leaving group –
explanation with example. Basic structural electronic effects – Inductive, resonance, hyperconjugation,
steric, tautomerism. Types of reactions – Important organic reactions such as substitution, addition,
elimination etc. Structure of benzene and concept of aromaticity (Huckel’s rule)
Unit 2: Reaction Mechanism: (8 L)
Reactions Involving Carbonium Ion Intermediates: Nucleophilic substitution: SN1, SN2 reactions and their
comparison. Aliphatic and aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. Electrophilic substitution in
benzene and monosubstituted benzene with orientation effect. Nitration halogenation, sulfonation, Friedel
Craft alkylation and acylation. Electrophilic addition to C = C. Addition of halogens, hydrogen, halide
and water. Elimination: E1and E2reactions, Saytzeff and Hofmann elimination, comparison of
elimination with substitution. Rearrangement: Beckman, pinacol. Reactions Involving Carbanion
Intermediates: Addition of carbon nucleophile to cabonyl group such as Grignard reaction for preparation
of alcohols and carboxylic acids. Nucleophilic substitution such as Wurtz and Condensation such as aldol,
Claisen ester. Rearrangement such as Favorskii. Reactions Involving Free Radical Intermediate: Addition
of hydrogen halide to C = C in presence of peroxide. Substitution such as halogenation of alkanes.
Dimerization such as Kolbe synthesis.
Unit 3: Atomic Structure and Bonding: (8 L)
Atomoic structure, Electronic theory of valancy – electrovalency, covalency coordination valency,
hydrogen bonding. electronic configuration, energy levels, orbitals, quantum numbers. Chemical bonding
– Covalent bond, VBT, Hybridization, Hybridizational shapes of molecules with examples (upto C. N. 6),
Molecular orbital theory, LCAO. M.O. diagrams for diatomic molecules like H2, CO, O2, N2.
Unit 4:Electrochemistry and fuel cells: (8 L)
Electrochemical cell, conventions and standard states, cell diagram, Nernst equation, cell emf and
Gibbs energy, reaction entropies, electrochemical series, standard electrode potentials, classification of
electrochemical cells, Energy storage , batteries- primary (Zn-MnO2 type), secondary (Lead acid, sodium
sulfer, Fuel cells: features of fuel cell, classification and construction, anodic and cathodic reactions in
fuel cells, limitations on power available from fuel cells.
Unit 5: Colloidal Chemistry: (8 L)
The colloidal state properties of lyophilic and lyophobic colloids – optical, Brownian movement,
electrical, viscosity, methods of preparation, separation, determination of particle size, gels and
emulsions. The ideal solution, Roult’s law of ideal solutions, solutions of liquids in liquids, theory of
dilute solution. Osmosis, osmotic pressure, measurement of osmotic pressure. Colligative properties of
dilute solution – lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point with derivation, depression in
freezing point with derivation. Abnormal behavior of solutions of electrolytes. Numerical based on all
above.
Unit 6: Chemistry of Polymerization: (8 L)
Introduction, comparative study of free radical, ionic, step growth polymerization mechanism.
Polymerization techniques: bulk, solution, suspension and emulsion. Average molecular weights (Mn,
Mw, Mv and Mz) of polymers. Brief overview of chemical synthesis of various types of monomers viz
olefins, vinyl chloride, styrene, diamine, diacids, diols, and phenols.
List of Practical: (any 8)
1. Volumetric estimation of amide from the given solution of amide.
2. Purification of organic compounds by using techniques such as distillation, sublimation.
3. Preparation of benzoic acid from benzamide.
4. Purification and drying of vinyl monomer
5. To determine molecular weight of non-volatile solute by depression in freezing point method.
6. To determine molecular weight of solid by elevation in boiling point method.
7. To determine purity of monomer.
8. Determination of molecular weight by end group analysis.
9. Determination of transport number of cation by moving boundry method / Hittorf’s method.
10. Electroplating of copper on copper plate.
Books:
1. Morrison R. T. and Boyd R.N.; Organic Chemistry; Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd.; 7th edition
(2011).
2. Atkins P.W.; Physical Chemistry; Oxford; 7th edition (2001).
3. March Jerry; Advanced Organic Chemistry; John Wiley and Sons; 6th edition(2007).
4. Sykes Peter; A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry; Pearson;6thedition(2003
5. Glasstone Samuel; Textbook of Physical chemistry; McMillan and Co. Ltd.; (1981).
6. Barrow G.M.; Physical Chemistry; McGraw Hill Publications; (1996).
7. V.R.Gowarikar, N.Viswanathan, JaydevSreedhar, Polymer Science, New Age International (2005) .
8. George Odian, Principals of Polymerisation, John Wiley and Sons (2004).
Teaching Scheme: Examination Scheme:
Lectures: 4 Hrs/week Online: 50Marks
Practical: 2 Hrs/Week Paper: 50 Marks
Practical: 50 Marks
Course Outcomes:
After completion of this course the students should be able to demonstrate:
1) Ability to correlate effect of structure with the reactivity.
2) Understanding of step by step electronic changes involved in reaction.
3) Understanding of basics of atomic structure and bonding and shapes of compounds.
4) Performance of an electrochemical cell including fuel cell.
5) Knowledge of synthesis of commercially important polymers.
Unit 1: Structural Effects and Reactivity: (8 L)
Bond cleavage: homolytic and heterolytic cleavages; attacking reagents – electrophiles and nucleophiles;
reaction intermediates - carbonium, carbanion and free radical formation and stability; leaving group –
explanation with example. Basic structural electronic effects – Inductive, resonance, hyperconjugation,
steric, tautomerism. Types of reactions – Important organic reactions such as substitution, addition,
elimination etc. Structure of benzene and concept of aromaticity (Huckel’s rule)
Unit 2: Reaction Mechanism: (8 L)
Reactions Involving Carbonium Ion Intermediates: Nucleophilic substitution: SN1, SN2 reactions and their
comparison. Aliphatic and aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. Electrophilic substitution in
benzene and monosubstituted benzene with orientation effect. Nitration halogenation, sulfonation, Friedel
Craft alkylation and acylation. Electrophilic addition to C = C. Addition of halogens, hydrogen, halide
and water. Elimination: E1and E2reactions, Saytzeff and Hofmann elimination, comparison of
elimination with substitution. Rearrangement: Beckman, pinacol. Reactions Involving Carbanion
Intermediates: Addition of carbon nucleophile to cabonyl group such as Grignard reaction for preparation
of alcohols and carboxylic acids. Nucleophilic substitution such as Wurtz and Condensation such as aldol,
Claisen ester. Rearrangement such as Favorskii. Reactions Involving Free Radical Intermediate: Addition
of hydrogen halide to C = C in presence of peroxide. Substitution such as halogenation of alkanes.
Dimerization such as Kolbe synthesis.
Unit 3: Atomic Structure and Bonding: (8 L)
Atomoic structure, Electronic theory of valancy – electrovalency, covalency coordination valency,
hydrogen bonding. electronic configuration, energy levels, orbitals, quantum numbers. Chemical bonding
– Covalent bond, VBT, Hybridization, Hybridizational shapes of molecules with examples (upto C. N. 6),
Molecular orbital theory, LCAO. M.O. diagrams for diatomic molecules like H2, CO, O2, N2.
Unit 4:Electrochemistry and fuel cells: (8 L)
Electrochemical cell, conventions and standard states, cell diagram, Nernst equation, cell emf and
Gibbs energy, reaction entropies, electrochemical series, standard electrode potentials, classification of
electrochemical cells, Energy storage , batteries- primary (Zn-MnO2 type), secondary (Lead acid, sodium
sulfer, Fuel cells: features of fuel cell, classification and construction, anodic and cathodic reactions in
fuel cells, limitations on power available from fuel cells.
Unit 5: Colloidal Chemistry: (8 L)
The colloidal state properties of lyophilic and lyophobic colloids – optical, Brownian movement,
electrical, viscosity, methods of preparation, separation, determination of particle size, gels and
emulsions. The ideal solution, Roult’s law of ideal solutions, solutions of liquids in liquids, theory of
dilute solution. Osmosis, osmotic pressure, measurement of osmotic pressure. Colligative properties of
dilute solution – lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point with derivation, depression in
freezing point with derivation. Abnormal behavior of solutions of electrolytes. Numerical based on all
above.
Unit 6: Chemistry of Polymerization: (8 L)
Introduction, comparative study of free radical, ionic, step growth polymerization mechanism.
Polymerization techniques: bulk, solution, suspension and emulsion. Average molecular weights (Mn,
Mw, Mv and Mz) of polymers. Brief overview of chemical synthesis of various types of monomers viz
olefins, vinyl chloride, styrene, diamine, diacids, diols, and phenols.
List of Practical: (any 8)
1. Volumetric estimation of amide from the given solution of amide.
2. Purification of organic compounds by using techniques such as distillation, sublimation.
3. Preparation of benzoic acid from benzamide.
4. Purification and drying of vinyl monomer
5. To determine molecular weight of non-volatile solute by depression in freezing point method.
6. To determine molecular weight of solid by elevation in boiling point method.
7. To determine purity of monomer.
8. Determination of molecular weight by end group analysis.
9. Determination of transport number of cation by moving boundry method / Hittorf’s method.
10. Electroplating of copper on copper plate.
Books:
1. Morrison R. T. and Boyd R.N.; Organic Chemistry; Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd.; 7th edition
(2011).
2. Atkins P.W.; Physical Chemistry; Oxford; 7th edition (2001).
3. March Jerry; Advanced Organic Chemistry; John Wiley and Sons; 6th edition(2007).
4. Sykes Peter; A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry; Pearson;6thedition(2003
5. Glasstone Samuel; Textbook of Physical chemistry; McMillan and Co. Ltd.; (1981).
6. Barrow G.M.; Physical Chemistry; McGraw Hill Publications; (1996).
7. V.R.Gowarikar, N.Viswanathan, JaydevSreedhar, Polymer Science, New Age International (2005) .
8. George Odian, Principals of Polymerisation, John Wiley and Sons (2004).
