APPLICABILITY OF REGULATIONS FOR THE TIME
BEING IN FORCE
Notwithstanding the integrated nature of a course spread over more than one academic
year, the regulations in force at the time a student joins a course shall hold good only for the
examinations held during or at the end of the academic year. Nothing in these regulations shall be
deemed to debar the University from amending the regulations subsequently and the amended
regulations, if any, shall apply to all students whether old or new.
GUIDELINES FOR CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (20%) FOR REGULAR
STUDENTS OF POST-GRADUATE COURSES (Annual System) Except M.Sc. (Mathematics)
(Effective from the First Year Admissions for the Academic Session 2004-2005)
1. The Syndicate has approved the following guidelines, mode of testing and evaluation including
Continuous Internal Assessment of students :
(i) Terminal Evaluation : 80 %
(ii) Continuous Assessment : 20 %
(iii) Continuous Assessment may include written assignment, snap tests, participation in
discussions in the class, term papers, attendance etc.
(iv) In order to incorporate an element of Continuous Internal Assessment of students, the
Colleges/Departments will conduct three tests as quantified below :
(a) Three Tests :
I 25
II 25 2 best tests = 50
III 25
(b) Snap Tests : 15
(c) Participation in class discussions : 10
(d) Term Paper/s : 15
(e) Attendance : 10
Total : 100 reduced to 20
2. Weightage of 2 marks for attendance component out of 20 marks for Continuous Assessment shall be
available only to those students who attend 75% and more of classroom lectures/seminars/
workshops. The break–up of marks for attendance component for theory papers shall be as under :
Attendance Component Mark/s for Theory Papers
(a) 75 % and above upto 85 % : 1
(b) Above 85 % : 2
3. It shall not be compulsory to pass in Continuous Internal Assessment. Thus, whatever marks are
secured by a student out of 20% marks, will be carried forward and added to his/her score out of
80 %, i.e. the remaining marks allocated to the particular subject and, thus, he/she shall have to secure
pass marks both in the University examinations as well as total of Internal Continuous Assessment
and University examinations.
4. Continuous Internal Assessment awards from the affiliated Colleges/Departments must be sent to the
Controller of Examinations, by name, two weeks before the commencement of the particular
examination on the proforma obtainable from the Examination Branch.
SPECIAL NOTE :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks
secured by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper
in lieu of internal assessment.
(iii) In the case of Postgraduate Courses in the Faculties of Arts, Science, Languages, Education,
Design & Fine Arts, and Business Management & Commerce (falling under the purview of
Academic Council), where such a provision of Internal Assessment/Continuous Assessment
already exists, the same will continue as before.
(iv) The marks obtained by a candidate in Continuous Internal Assessment in Postgraduate Classes
from the admissions of 2004 will be shown separately in the Detailed-Marks-Card (D.M.C.).
OUTLINES OF TESTS, SYLLABI AND COURSES OF READING IN THE SUBJECT OF
HISTORY FOR M.A. PART I EXAMINATION, 2011
Outlines of Test
Paper I : The Punjab c.1450-c. 1800 A.D.
Paper II : Any one of the following :
(i) The State in Ancient India.
(ii) The State in Medieval India.
(iii) Colonial State in India, 1750-1947.
Paper III-IV : Any two of the following :
(i) The U.S.A. 1860-1973.
(ii) China and Japan 1800-1965.
(iii) Modern World c-1500- c-1900.
(iv) World in the Twentieth Century.
(v) Evolution of Society in the Ancient World.
(vi) Capitalism : Rise and Growth in the West.
Paper I : THE PUNJAB C.1450-C.1800 A.D.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT- I
State and Society under the Afghans : Politico-administrative structure; social classes; religious systems.
2 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
2. Foundation of the Sikh Faith : Guru Nanak's response to his socio-political and religious milieu;
the new institutions.
3. Institutional Developments : Post-Guru Nanak institutional developments; making of the scripture;
its script, structure and dominant themes.
UNIT-II
4. Tradition of Sacrifice and Resistance : Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev; resistance under Guru
Hargobind; Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur and its significance; Sectarian cleavages in the Sikh
Movement.
5. Transformation of the Sikh Panth under Guru Gobind Singh : The new baptism and its implications;
relations with the Mughal State.
6. Banda Bahadur and Social Unrest : Background of social unrest; establishment of independent rule
under Banda Bahadur, basis of his support; measures of the Mughal state.
UNIT-III
7. Administrative Structure and Agrarian Conditions in the 17th Century : Provincial and local
administration; pattern of agriculture; commercialization of agriculture.
8. Urban Economy in the 17th Century : Location and economic base of urban centres; pattern of
internal and external trade; land and riverine transport.
9. Mughal Rule in the Punjab (1716-1757) : Impact of imperial breakdown on the provincial
administration and financial resources; the Mughal-Afghan struggle for power; impact of Afghan
invasions.
UNIT-IV
10. New Powers in the Second half of the 18th Century : Emergence of autonomous chiefs in the plains
and hills; Role of Gurmata, Dal Khalsa, Misl and Rakhi in the political process.
11. Political Organization in the Late 18th Century : Administrative arrangements; jagirdari system;
dharmarth grants; military resources.
12. Economic Life in the Late 18th Century : Agrarian conditions and the land revenue system;
manufactures and trade; urbanization.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Alam, Muzaffar, Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India : Awadh and the Punjab, 1707-48, New
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1986.
2. Ganda Singh, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, Sarhind : Sarhind Historical Research Society, 1976.
3. Grewal, J.S. and S.S. Bal, Guru Gobind Singh, Chandigarh : Panjab University, 1987 (rep.).
4. Grewal, J.S., Guru Nanak in History, Chandigarh : Panjab University, 1979 (rep.).
5. Grewal, J.S., The Sikhs of the Punjab : The New Cambridge History of India, New
Delhi : Cambridge University Press, 1999 (2nd ed.).
6. Mc Leod, W.H., Sikhs and Sikhism, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2000.
7. Sachdeva, Veena, Polity and Economy of the Punjab during the late Eighteenth Century, New
Delhi : Manohar, 1993.
8. Singh, Chetan, Region and Empire : Punjab in the Seventeenth Century, Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1991.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Ashraf, K.M., Life and Conditions of the People of Hindustan, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal,
1979 (2nd ed.).
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 3
2. Banerjee, I.B., Evolution of the Khalsa, 2 Vols., Calcutta : Mukherjee & Co., 1979 (2nd edn.).
3. Banga, Indu (ed.), Five Punjabi Centuries : Polity, Economy, Society and Culture c. 1500-1900, New
Delhi : Manohar, 1997.
4. Grewal, J.S., Sikh Ideology, Polity and Social Order, New Delhi : Manohar, 1996.
5. Gupta, Hari Ram, History of Sikh Confederacies (1708-1769), New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal,
1978 (3rd edn.).
6. Harbans Singh, Guru Tegh Bahadur, New Delhi : Manohar, 1994.
7. MaCauliffe, M.A., The Sikh Religion : Its Gurus, Sacred Writings and Authors, 6 Vols., Delhi : Low
Price Publications, 1990 (rep.).
8. Mc Leod, W.H., Exploring Sikhism, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2001.
9. Pande, A.B., The First Afghan Empire in India, 1451-1526, Calcutta : Bookland, 1956.
10. Sinha, N.K., Rise of the Sikh Power, Calcutta : A Mukherjee & Co., 1973 (3rd edn. Rep.).
11. Teja Singh and Ganda Singh, A Short History of the Sikhs, Vol. I : 1469-1765, Patiala : Punjabi
University, 1983 (rep.).
Paper II Opt. (i) : THE STATE IN ANCIENT INDIA
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I : Historiography and Formation of the Early State
1. Historiography of early Indian polity.
2. Theories on the origin and processes of early state formation.
3. The structural features of the Harappan state.
UNIT–II : State Formation in the Ganges Plain
4. Ganga-sanghas as an alternative to monarchy.
5. Emergence of monarchy and the process of ritual legitimation.
6. The Mauryan state and its structure.
UNIT–III : Towards the State in Early Medieval India
7. Different models of state formation—Centralised, feudal, segmentary and integrated polity.
4 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
8. The Gupta state and the issue of Samantas.
9. Regional state formation in Mewar.
UNIT-IV : Pre-state to state in South India
10. Social information and political processes in early Tamilakam.
[
11. The formation of a new agrarian order and the Pallava state.
12. The structure of the Chola state, its relationship with the intermediate authorities and the interaction
between ritual and administration.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Cohen, R. & E. R.. Service, Origins of the State, Philadelphia : Institute for the Study of Human
Issues, 1978.
2. Gupta, P. L., The Imperial Guptas, 2 Volumes, Varanasi, 1974-79.
3. Gurukkal, R., 'The Beginnings of the Historic Period : The Tamil South', in R.Thapar ed., Recent
Perspectives of Early Indian History, second revised edition, Bombay : Popular Prakashan, 1998.
4. Gurukkal, R., “Antecedents of the State Formation in South India”, in R. Champakalakshmi, K.
Veluthat & T. R., Venugopalan (eds.), State and Society in Pre-Modern South India, Thrissur :
Cosmobooks, 2002.
5. Heitzman, J., Gifts of Power : Lordship in an Early Indian State, Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1997.
6. Kulke, H., (ed.), The State in India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1995.
7. Kulke, H., 'Fragmentation and Segmentation Versus Integration ? Reflections on the Concepts of
Indian Feudalism and the Segmentary State in Indian History', Studies in History, IV, 2, 1982, Old
Series.
8. Ratnagar, S., Enquiries into the Political Organization of Harappan Society, Pune : Ravish, 1991.
9. Roy, K., The Emergence of Monarchy in North India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1994.
10. Seneviratne, S., “Pre-State Societies to State Societies : Transformations in the Political Ecology of
South India with reference to Tamil Nadu”, Unpublished Seminar Paper, Jawaharlal Nehru
University, 1989.
11. Sharma, R.S., Indian Feudalism, Delhi : Macmillan, 1980.
12. Sharma, R.S., Aspects of Political Ideas & Institutions in Ancient India, New Delhi : Motilal
Banarsidass, 1996.
13. Sinha-Kapur, N., State Formation in Rajasthan : Mewar during the seventh-fifteenth centuries, New
Delhi : Manohar, 2002.
14. Stein, B., Peasant State and Society in Medieval India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1980.
15. Thapar, R., Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1997.
16. Thapar, R., From Lineage to State, New Delhi : Oxford University Press,1984.
17. Thapar, R., The Mauryas Revisited, K.P. Bagchi, Calcutta/New Delhi, 1987.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Claessen, H.J.M. and Skalnik, P. (eds.), The Early State, The Hague : Mouton : 1978.
2. Fussman, G., 'Central and Provincial Administration in Ancient India : The Problem of the Mauryan
Empire', The Indian Historical Review, XIV, Nos. 1-2, 1987.
3. Kenoyer, J. M., 'Early City-States in South Asia : Comparing the Harappan Phase and Early Historic
Period', in D.L. Nichols and T.H. Charlton eds., The Archaeology of City-States, Washington and
London: Smithsonian Institution Press : 1997.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 5
4. Mukhia, H. (eds.), The Feudalism Debate, New Delhi : Manohar, 2000.
5. Sharma, R. S., Origin of the State in India, Bombay : University of Bombay, 1989.
6. Venkatasubramnian, T.K., ‘Chieftaincies of the Sangam Age : A Developmental Approach’,
Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 42nd Session, Bodhgaya, 1981.
Paper II Opt. (ii) : THE STATE IN MEDIEVAL INDIA
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Nature of State in the Delhi Sultanate : Central Asian Background; powers and functions of the
sultan; articulation of political ideas by the ruling elite; attitude towards theologians and the
caliphate.
2. Nobility in the Delhi Sultanate : Changes in the ethnic composition; organisation, character and
service conditions; nature of internal contradictions and conflicts with the sultan.
3. Agrarian Taxation in the Delhi Sultanate : Beginnings in the form of tribute; imposition of a
uniform land tax; rates and method of collection; changes under successive rulers.
UNIT-II
4. Distribution of Revenue Resources in the Delhi Sultanate : Salient features of the iqta system; stages
in its evolution; nature of state control.
5. State under the Afghan Rule : Character of polity under the Lodis and impact of the tribal customs;
relations of Lodi sultans with their nobility; the land revenue sysem of Sher Shah Suri.
6. The Kingdom of Vijaynagar : Martial character of the state and its ideological basis; features of the
nayaka system; role of the Brahmins and temples; the concept of segmentary state.
UNIT-III
7. Structure of the Mughal Polity : The influence of Turko-Mongol traditions; Abul Fazl's concept of
monarchy; position of the Mughal Emperor; theories on the nature of the Mughal state.
8. The Mansab System : Definition and evolution; ethnic and religious composition; categories of
ranks; recruitment, promotion and salaries; obligations of the mansabdars.
9. The Jagirdari System : Basic features of the jagir and khalisa lands; fiscal rights of the jagirdars;
management of jagirs and nature of imperial control; crisis in the jagirdari system.
6 SYLLABUS FOR M.A PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
UNIT-IV
10. Land Revenue System of the Mughals : Methods of assessment; magnitude of the state share;
machinery of collection and provision of relief measures.
11. The State and Economy under the Marathas : The land systems, peasants and artisans; agrarian
taxation, extraction of tribute and the role of deshmukhs; character of revenue assignments.
12. Mughal State in Transition (1700-1750) : Different explanations of the Mughal decline; role of the
nobility; problems of jagir administration; the nature of new subadari and emergence of regional
polities.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Alam, Muzaffar, The Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India : Awadh and the Punjab 1707-1748,
New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1986.
2. Ali, M. Athar, The Mughal Nobility Under Aurangzeb, New Delhi : Oxford University Press,
Revised Edition, 1997.
3. Habib, Irfan, The Agrarian System of Mughal India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, Second
Revised Edition, 1999.
4. Habib, Mohammad & K.A. Nizami (eds)., A Comprehensive History of India, Vol. V, New Delhi :
Peoples Publishing House (Rep.), 1993.
5. Hasan, Ibn., The Central Structure of the Mughal Empire, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal,
1971.
6. Kulke, Hermann (ed.), The State in India 1000-1700, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1995.
7. Nigam, S.B.P., Nobility Under the Sultans of Delhi, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1971.
8. Nizami, K.A., Religion and Politics in India During the Thirteenth Century, New Delhi : Oxford
University Press, New Edition, 2002.
9. Qureshi, I.H, The Administration of the Mughal Empire, Patna : Janaki Prakashan (Rep.), 1979.
10. Qureshi, I.H., The Administration of the Sultanate of Dehli, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal,
(Rep.), 1968.
11. Raychaudhuri, Tapan & Irfan Habib (Eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. I,
Hyderabad : Orient Longman, 1984.
12. Stein, Burton, Peasant State and Society in Medieval South India, New Delhi : Oxford University
Press, Second Impression, 1999.
13. Tripathi, R.P., Some Aspects of Muslim Administration, Allahabad : Central Book Depot, (Rep.),
1976.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Alam, Muzaffar and Sanjay Subrahmanyam (eds.), The Mughal State 1526-1750, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1998.
2. Chandra, Satish, Parties and Politics at the Mughal Court 1707-1740, New Delhi : Peoples
Publishing House, 1979.
3. Chandra, Satish, Essays on Medieval Indian History, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1987.
4. Habib, Irfan, 'Ziya Barani's Vision of the State', The Medieval History Journal, Vol. II, No.1,
January-June, 1999.
5. Jackson, Peter, The Delhi Sultanate : A Political and Military History, Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 1999.
6. Moosvi, Shireen, The Economy of the Mughal Empire c.1595 : A Statistical Study, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1987.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 7
7. Siddiqui, I.H., Some Aspects of Afghan Despotism in India, Aligarh, Three Men Publications, 1969.
8. Singh, Surinder, 'Political Culture in the Delhi Sultanate : Compulsions of a Transitional Phase',
Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 63rd Session, Amritsar, 2002.
9. Streusand, Douglas E., The Formation of the Mughal Empire, New Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1989.
10. Wink, Andre, Land and Sovereignty in India : Agrarian Society and Politics Under the Eighteenth
Century Maratha Svarajya, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Paper II Opt. (iii) : COLONIAL STATE IN INDIA 1750-1947
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I : TRENDS IN HISTORIOGRAPHY
1. Debates on the state on 18th century.
2. Historiography on the Modern Indian State - Approaches and Interpretation : Colonialist,
Nationalist, Marxist, Subaltern, Gandhian.
3. Ideologies of Expansion.
UNIT-II : CONSTRUCTION OF COLONIAL STATE
4. Policy and Programme of Expansion in North India : Oudh; Punjab; Bengal.
5. Policy of Expansion in South : Marathas; Deccan; Mysore.
6. Paramountcy.
UNIT-III : STRUCTURES, INSTITUTIONS AND STRATEGIES
7. Administrative Developments : Judiciary, Civil Service, Police, and Local Self Govt.
8. Constitutional Developments : Legislation from 1773 - 1935 and Racial attitude.
9. Strategies of Imperial Control - Scientific Surveys : Demographic Surveys; Land Settlements;
Educational Institutions; Communication Projects.
UNIT-IV : COLONIAL STATE AND INDIAN RESPONSE
10. Popular Resistance to Colonial State : Peasant and Tribal movements, nature of the revolt of 1857.
8 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
11. National Movement : Emergence, Programme and policies of Indian National Congress; Gandhian
mass movements; Militant movements; Subhash Chandra Bose and INA; Left Wing Politics;
Women movements.
12. Politics of Identity : Hindu Mahasabha, Muslim League, Akalis, Partition and Transfer of Power.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Alavi, Seema (ed.)., The Eighteenth Century in India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2002.
2. Bayly, C.A., Indian Society and The Making of The British Empire, Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press : reprint, 1990.
3. Bipan, Chandra, Communalism in Modern India, Delhi : Vikas Publishers, 1987.
4. Brown, Judith, Gandhi's Rise to Power : Indian Politics 1915-1922, Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 1972.
5. Chandra, Bipan et al., India's Struggle for Independence, 1857-1947, Delhi : Viking/Penguin Books,
1989.
6. Chandra, Bipan, The Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India, New Delhi : People's
Publishing House, 1982 (rep).
7. Guha, Ranajit, 'On Some Aspects of Historiography of Colonial India', Subaltern Studies I, Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1986.
8. Mishra, B.B., Administrative History of India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1983.
9. Nanda, B.R., Making of a Nation : India's Road to Independence, New Delhi : Harper-Collins,
1998.
10. Prasad, Bisheshwar, Bondage and Freedom, 2 Vols., New Delhi : Rajesh Pub., 1977.
11. Sarkar, Sumit, Modern India, 1885-1947, Delhi : Macmillan, 1983.
12. Sen, S.P. ed., Historians and Historiography in Modern India, Calcutta : Institute of Historical
Studies, 1973.
13. Shashi, Joshi, Struggle for Hegemony in India, 1920-34, Vol. 1, New Delhi : Sage Publications,
1992.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Alam, Muzaffar, Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India : Awadh and the Punjab, 1707-1748,
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1986.
2. Anderson, R.S., Building Scientific Institutions in India, Montreal : McHill University Press, 1976.
3. Banerjee, A.C., Constitutional Development of India, Vol. II & III. Delhi : Macmillan Co., 1977.
4. Bowring, B., Rulers of India, Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan, Bombay : Oxford University Press, 1968.
5. Brown Judith, Modern India, The Origins of an Asian Democracy, 2nd edn., Delhi : Oxford, 1994.
6. Grewal, J.S., The Sikhs of the Punjab, New Cambridge History of India, Hyderabad : Orient
Longmans, 1991.
7. Guha, Ranajit, Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India, Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 1983.
8. Hasan, Mushirul, Nationalism and Communal Politics in India, New Delhi : Manohar, 1992.
9. J. Krishnamurty, Women in Colonial India—Essays on Survival, Work and the State, Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 1989.
10. Josh, Bhagwan, Struggle for Hegemony in India, 1920-47, New Delhi : Sage Publications, 1992.
11. Kirpal, Singh, The Partition of the Punjab, Patiala : Punjabi University, 1972.
12. Lee-Warner, W., Native States of India, Delhi : Tulsi, 1979 (reprint).
13. Marshall, P.J., Problems of Empire, London : Unwin, 1968.
14. Marshall, P.J., The Eighteenth Century in Indian History, New Delhi : Oxford University Press,
2003.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 9
15. Metcalf, Thomas, Aftermath of Revolt, Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1964.
16. Mukherjee, R.K., Rise and Fall of the East India Company, Bombay : Popular, 1973.
17. Mukhopadhyaya, Subodh K., Evolution of Historiography in Modern India, 1900-1960, Calcutta :
K.P. Bagchi, 1980.
18. Nair, Janaki, Women and Law in Colonial India : A Social History, New Delhi : Kali for Women,
1996.
19. Nanda, B.R., Mahatma Gandhi, Delhi : Allied Publishers, 1968.
20. Omvedt, Gail, Dalits and the Democratic Revolution : Dr. Ambedkar and the Dalit Movement in
Colonial India, New Delhi : Sage, 1994.
21. Partha, Chatterjee, The Nation and its Fragments, Colonial and Post Colonial Histories, New
Delhi : Oxford University Press, reprint, 1994.
22. Sarkar, Sumit, Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, Delhi : People’s Publishing House, 1973.
23. Sen, S.N., Eighteen Fifty-Seven, Delhi : Publication Division, 1957.
24. Sen, Surendranath, Administrative System of the Marathas, Calcutta : K.P. Bagchi & Co., 1925.
25. Stokes, Eric, Peasants and the Raj : Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial
India, Delhi : Vikas, 1978.
26. Stokes, Eric, The English Utilitarians and India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1959.
27. Talbot, Ian, Punjab and the Raj, 1849-1947, Delhi : Manohar, 1988.
28. Tomlinson, B.R., The Political Economy of the Raj, 1914-1947, London : Macmillan, 1979.
Paper III–IV Opt. (i) : THE U.S.A. 1860-1973
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Civil War : Growth of sectionalism, secession and war; diplomacy of the war; result of the Civil
War.
2. Reconstruction of the South : Problems of Reconstruction; Presidential Reconstruction;
Congressional Reconstruction.
3. Advanced Industrialization and Urbanizations : Communication and Technology; Big Business,
1875-1900; Growth of Cities.
10 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
UNIT-II
4. Emergence as a World Power : War with Spain; causes and results; decision for economic
imperialism.
5. Overseas Expansion : The Carribean and the Pacific, 1896-1915.
6. World Involvement : Unneutral neutrality; The U.S.A. at World War-I; The Treaty and the League.
UNIT-III
7. Populist and Progressive Movements : Leaders and achievements, 1890-1917 .
8. The Onset of Great Depression : Causes and impact; the Hoover Program.
9. The New Deal : New Deal Legislation; foreign policy during the New Deal Period.
UNIT-IV
10. The Second World War : Issue of neutrality; the U.S.A. at war, planning a new World Order.
11. A Balance of Terror : Cold War : Origins; diplomacy of Cold War; containment of Communism;
Détente.
12. Social Movements : Movements for Social Justice: The Feminist Movement; Temperance; Suffrage;
Civil Rights.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Blum, John M. & Bruce Cotton, The National Experience : A History of the United States, Harcourt,
Brace & INC., New York : 1970.
2. Current, Richard, N.T. Williams et al., American History : A Survey, Vol.II, Calcutta : Scientific
Book Agency, 1975 (4th edition).
3. Faulkner, H.U., American Economic History, London : Harper and Row Publishers, 1954.
4. Morrison, S.E., Commager, H.S. and Leuchtenburg, W.E., The Growth of the American Republic,
New York : Oxford University Press, 1969.
5. Parkes, Henry Bamford, The United States of America, Calcutta : Scientific Book Agency, 1967
(reprint).
6. Pratt, Julius, W., A History of United States Foreign Policy, N. J. : Englewood Cliffs, 1957.
7. Wittner, Lawrence S., Cold War America, From Hiroshima to Watergate, New York : Praeger
Publishers, 1974.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Clark, Thomas, Frontier America, New York : Charles Scribner's Sons Publications, 1969.
2. Hicks, John D., George E. Mowry and Robert E. Burke, The American Nation, Boston : Houghton
Mifflin Company, 1963 (4th edn.).
3. Hofstadter, R.W. Miller, The American Republic Since 1865, Vol. 2, New Jersey : Prentice Hall,
1959.
4. May, E.R., The World War and American Isolation, 1914-1917, Cambridge : Harvard University
Press, 1963.
5. Nichols, Jeannetta P., The Republic of United States : A History, New York : D. Appleton Century
Company, Inc., 1969.
Paper III–IV Opt. (ii) : CHINA AND JAPAN 1800-1965
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i)
The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 11
(ii)
For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. China in Early 19th Century : Political system, economy, society and religion; causes and
consequences of the opium wars; Taiping rebellion.
2. Foreigners in China and its Impact : Battle of Concessions (1895-98); Open Door Policy of U.S.A.;
the Boxer Movement (1900).
3. Socio-Economic Changes in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries : Disintegration of the familycentered
society and the rise of new classes; budgetary deficit and trade imbalance, foreign
investment and domination.
UNIT-II
4. Reform and Revolution : The early reformers, the conservative and radical reformers; the 'hundred
day' reform, reforms between 1901 and 1905; Sun Yat Sen and revolution of 1911; May 4th (1919)
movement.
5. Towards Communism : Rise of the CCP and its relations with the KMT till 1936; the civil war and
triumph of communism, the people's republic.
6. Economic Development under the Communist Regime : The period of economic rehabilitation
(1949-52); inauguration of Five-year plan and land reforms, the commune; development of agrarian
production and industry.
UNIT-III
7. Japan in Early 19th Century : Political system, economy, society, religion and culture; Perry
expedition.
8. Modernization of Japan : Meiji restoration, end of feudalism, reorganization of central
administration, reforms in education, economic progress, industrial and agricultural reforms,
constitution of 1889.
9. Emergence of Japan as a World Power : Modernization of army and navy, first Sino-Japanese War
(1894-95); Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902); Russo-Japanese War (1904-05).
UNIT IV
10. Towards Hegemony in East Asia (1905-1919) and its Reaction : Japanese expansionist policies in
Formusa, Korea, Manchuria; participation in World War I and presentation of 21 demands;
Washington Conference (1921).
11. Rise and Fall of Japanese Militarism and Imperialism : Causes and growth of militarism;
Manchurian crisis and Second Sino-Japanese War; role in IInd World War, surrender and fall.
12 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
12. Economic Development after World War II : Reconstruction of monetary and banking systems;
agricultural and industrial regeneration; the zaibatsu in the post war economy.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Allen, G.C., Japan's Economic Recovery, London : Oxford University Press, 1958 (Reprint 1960).
2. Beckman, George H., The Modernization of China and Japan, New York : Harper and Row, 1962.
3. Chesneaux, Jean Francoise Le : China : From the Opium Wars to 1911 Revolution Vol.I. Delhi :
Khosla, 1978.
4. Donnithorne Andrey, China's Economic Systems, London, 1969.
5. Flath David, The Japanese Economy, New York : Oxford University Press, 2000.
6. Hsu Immanuel, C.Y., The Rise of Modern China, New York : Oxford University Press, 1970.
7. Hughes, T.J. & Luard D.E.T., The Economic Development of Communist China (1949-58), London :
Oxford University Press, 1959.
8. Vinacke, Harold M., A History of the Far East in Modern Times, New York : Appleton Century
Crafts, 1961 (6th edn.).
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Clyde, Paul Hibbert, The Far East : A History of the Impact of the West on Eastern Asia, Englewood
Cliffs, N.J. Prentice Hall : 1958 (3rd edn.).
2. Kennedy Paul, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers—Economic Change and Military Conflict
from 1500 to 2000, London : Unwin and Hyman, 1988.
3. Latourette, K.S., A. Short History of the Far East, New York, Macmillan, 1957.
4. Storry Richard, A History of Modern Japan, Penguin Books Ltd., New York, 1960.
Paper III–IV Opt. (iii) : MODERN WORLD C.1500-C.1900
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Europe, Asia and America around 1500 : Structures of Government : Nature of economy and social
structure; Voyages of Discovery and their consequences.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 13
2. Expansion of the Western World : Spain and Portugal in South America; Settlement of North
America : Formation and early Exploitation of Empires in Asia.
3. Economic Development in 16th and 17th Centuries : Shift in economic balance of 16th century;
commercial revolution; European crisis in the 17th century and mercantilism; impact on states
policy.
UNIT-II
4. Developments in Science and Socio-Political Thought : Scientific Revolution; New trends in
politics; Science Vs Theology; Age of Revolution.
5. Impact of the Industrial Revolution : Spread in Europe and U.S.A.; Changes in Agriculture,
Transportation and Financial Institutions; Social Classes.
6. Rise of Nationalism : Idea of Nationalism; Liberation Movements in Europe; Extension of
Nationalism to Latin America and West Asia; Comparison of Nationalism in the East and West.
UNIT-III
7. Rise of Socialism : Its early advocates; Doctrine and influences of Karl Marx; Growth of Socialist
Parties.
8. Main Trends in the Politics and Society 1870-1900 : Growth and Movement of population; Forms of
Monarchies and Constitutional democracies and their growing uniformity; Problems facing
Liberalism- Protectionism, Interventionism, and Imperialism.
9. Science, Technology and Material Progress : Progress in Physics, Chemistry and Biology;
Application of new technology to the industries; Material Progress, 1870-1900.
UNIT-IV
10. New Trends in the Cultural Sphere : Education; Literature; Painting; and Architecture.
11. Nature of Global Development Around 1900 : Polity, Economy and Society.
12. New Imperialism, Imperialism in Asia 1840-1914, International rivalries and Anglo-German
Industrial Competition 1898-1913.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Clough, Shepherd, Economic Development of the Western World, New York, McGraw Hill Book
Co., 1960.
2. Davis, H.A., An Outline History of The World, OUP, 1964, 4th edition.
3. Gay, P. and J. Garatty (eds.), Columbia History of the World, New York : Harper & Row, 1972.
4. Hinsley, F.H. (ed.), Material Progress and World Wide Problems, 1870-1898, Cambridge University
Press, 1976.
5. Hobsbawm, Eric, Age of Empire 1875-1914, Delhi : Viking, 1975.
6. Hobsbawm, Eric, Age of Revolution 1789-1848, Delhi : Viking, 1975.
7. Palmer, R.A., A History of Modern World, McGraw, 1982.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. De Vries, S., An Atlas of World History, London : Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1965.
2. Moore, Barrington Jr., Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, London : Penguin, 1967.
3. Stavrianos, L.S., Readings in World History, Chicago : Allyn and Bacon Inc., 1965.
4. Stavrianos, L.S., The World Since 1500, Delhi : Prentice Hall of India,1965.
14 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
Paper III –IV Opt. (iv) : WORLD IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. On the Eve of the First World War : Imperialism and Colonialism with reference to the First World
War; The Ideology of Nationalism and its political impact.
2. Socialism and Communism : Social and Political impact; The Russian Revolution of 1905; Causes
and impact of the Revolution of 1917.
3. Human and Civil Rights and New Trends : The idea of Civil and Human rights in the Third World;
Role of Civil and Human rights in contemporary foreign policy Strategies ; Trends within the growth
of feminism, working class, and students movement.
UNIT-II
4. Aftermath of World War I : British and French Responses to the Economic and Political Crisis 1919-
1939; Formation of Right Wing Government in Italy and Germany.
5. Emergence of New Great Powers : U.S.A. and its political impact on International Relations;
Economic and military growth in U.S.S.R. 1919-1941; Economic and military growth in Japan
1919-41.
6. Anti Imperialism and Neo Colonialism in the Twentieth Century : Nationalism and Anti Imperialism
in Asia with special reference to India, China and South East Asia; Neo Colonialism in Latin
America with special reference to Cuba, and Mexico.
UNIT-III
7. Post World War II Militarisms : Military Blocs SEATO, CENTO, NATO, Warsaw Pact; the growth
of Economic Blocs E/EC and COMECON.
8. Non-Military Organization : U.N. as an arbiter of international peace; Changing facets of
Commonwealth and its irrelevance; growth of NAM as a critic of Imperialism and Neo-Colonialism.
9. Crisis of Communism : Hungarian Crisis 1956; Czechoslovakian crisis 1968, Causes and impact;
Collapse of Soviet Bloc.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 15
UNIT-IV
10. Political Dynamics in the Middle East : Regional Arab politics and the conflict with Israel; Israel's
Internal Politics and Foreign Policy.
11. Iran's Potential as a Regional Power : Economic, Political and Social Situation; New International
Position.
12. Extra Regional Powers : U.S.S.R. and the Middle East; U.S.A.'s policy towards the Middle East
with special reference to Iraq.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Anderson, Eugene N., Modern Europe in World Perspective : 1914 to the Present, Holt, New York :
Rinehart and Winston, 1961.
2. Frank, A. G., Capitalism and Under Development in Latin America, Penguin Press, Harmondsworth,
1971.
3. Gilbert, Felix, End of the European Era, 1890 to the Present, London : Norton, 1981.
4. Hammond, Paul Y. (ed), Political Dynamics in the Middle East, I.N.C., New York, 1972.
5. Hobsbawn, E.J., Age of Extremes, Delhi, Viking, 1995.
6. Kennedy, Paul, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, Economic Change and Military Conflict
from 1500 to 2000, London, Unwin and Hyman, 1988.
7. Spanier, John, Games Nations Play, Delhi : Macmillan India Ltd., 1990.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Ashworth, W., A Short History of the International Economy, 1850-1950, London : Longmans,
1954.
2. Bergson, Abram & H.S., Levine, eds., Soviet Economy Towards the Year 2000, London : Unwin,
1983.
3. Brecher, Michael, The Foreign Policy System of Israel, Toronto : Oxford University Press, 1972.
4. Brzezinski, Zbignew, The Soviet Bloc : Unity and Conflict, Cambridge : The Harvard University
Press, Mass, 1960.
5. Brzezinski, Zbignew and S.P. Huntington, Political Power : USA/USSR, London : Chatto and
Windus, 1964.
6. Chabod, Fredrico, History of Italian Fascism, London : Weidenfeld, 1961.
7. Chandra, Bipan, Essays on Colonialism, New Delhi : Orient Longman, 2000.
8. Chesneaux, Jean et. al. (eds.), China, Vols. 1 and 2, Delhi : Khosla, 1978.
9. Clyde, Paul and Burton Beers, The Far East : A History of Western Impacts and Eastern Responses,
1830-1975, New Delhi : Prentice Hall, 1976.
10. Forsythe, David P., Human Rights in International Relations, Cambridge : Cambridge University
Press, 2000.
11. Frank, A.G., Critique and Anti Critique : Essays on Dependency and Reformism, Eastbourne :
Praeger, 1984.
12. Freeman, Michael, Human Rights, Malden : Blackwell Publishers, 2003.
13. Halliday, Jon and G. McCormick, Japanese Imperialism Today, New York : Monthly Review Press,
1973.
14. Holland, R.F., European Decolonization, 1918-1981 : An Introductory Survey, London : Macmillan,
1985.
15. Horowitz, David, Imperialism and Revolution, London : Penguin Press, 1969.
16. Karsh, Efraim and Rautsi, Irari, Saddam Hussein—A Political Biography, Wheaton : B.P.C.C., 1991.
17. Kennan, George F., Democracy and the Student Left, London : Hutchinson, 1968.
16 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
18. Kennan, George F., The Fateful Alliance : France, Russia and the Coming of the First World War,
New York : Pantheon, 1984.
19. Kitchen, Martin, Fascism, London : Macmillan, 1976.
20. Kochan, Lionel & Richard Abraham, The Making of Modern Russia, London : St. Martin, 1984.
21. Lichteim, George, Short History of Socialism, London : Fontana, 1975.
22. Maddison, Angus, Economic Growth in Japan and the USSR, London : Unwin, 1969.
23. Owen, Roger and Bob Suttcliffe, (eds.), Studies in the Theory of Imperialism, London : Longman,
1972.
24. Porter, Bernard, The Lion's Share, A Short History of British Imperialism, 1850-1970, London :
Oxford University Press, 1976.
25. Porter, Brian, (ed.), International Politics, 1919-69, London : Oxford University Press, 1972.
26. Porter, Brian, Britain, Europe and the World, 1850-1982, London : Oxford University Press, 1983.
27. Samir, Amin, Maldevelopment : Anatomy of Global Failure, London : Zed Books, 1990.
28. Shaw, Martin, Theory of the Global State, Globality as Unfinished Revolution, Cambridge :
Cambridge University Press, 2000.
29. Singer, Hans W. and Javed Ansari, Rich and Poor Countries, London : Unwin, 1982.
30. Stevens, Georgiana G., The United States and the Middle East, New Jersey : Prentice - Hall Inc.
1964.
Paper III–IV Opt. ( v) : EVOLUTION OF SOCIETY IN THE ANCIENT WORLD
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT I : Hunting- Gathering to Food Production
1. Hunting- gathering societies and the beginning of food production.
2. Characteristics of Neolithic societies in Western Asia with reference to the beginnings of villages,
the importance of storage and the development of crafts like pottery and weaving.
3. Tribal and chiefdom societies with reference to social organization, shamanism and other religious
practices.
UNIT II : Pre-Capitalist Economies
4. Gift-giving, reciprocity and redistribution.
5. Trade and market exchange.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 17
6. Primitive valuables and the domestic mode of production .
UNIT III : Urbanization and Early State Societies
7. Characteristics of urban life and the concept of 'urban revolution'.
8. The process of urbanization with special reference to Mesopotamia.
9. The Early Bronze State of Mesopotamia.
UNIT IV : Classical Greece and Imperial Rome
10. The Greek state with reference to democracy, slavery, coinage, trade.
11. Roman society and economy.
12. Imperialism, the early Germans, the Huns and the disintegration of the Roman Empire.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Adams, R.M., 'Patterns of Urbanization in early Southern Mesopotamia', in PJ Ucko et al, eds., Man,
Settlement and Urbanism, London : Duckworth, 1972.
2. Adams, R. M., 'Water, Land and Life', in Heartland of Cities, Chicago : University of Chicago Press,
1981.
3. Alfody, G., The Social History of Rome, London : Routledge, 1988.
4. Andreev, Y. V., 'Urbanization as a Phenomenon of Social History', Oxford Journal of Archaeology,
8(2), 1989.
5. Andrewes, A., The Greek Society, London : Penguin, 1971.
6. Belshaw, C., Traditional Exchange and Modern Markets, Englewood Cliffs : Prentice-Hall, 1965.
7. Binford, L., 'Post-Pleistocene Adaptation,' in S and L Binford, New Perspectives in Archaeology,
Chicago : Aldine, 1968.
8. Bohannan, P. & G. Dalton (eds.), Markets in Africa, Evanston : Northwestern University Press, 1962.
9. Childe, V.G., 'The Neolithic Revolution', in V.G. Childe, Man Makes Himself, London : Moonraker
Press, 1956.
10. Childe, V. G., 'The Urban Revolution', in G.L. Possehl ed, Ancient Cities of the Indus, New Delhi :
Vikas, 1979.
11. Diakonoff, I. M., Structure of Society and State in Early Dynastic Sumer, Monographs of the
Ancient Near East, Malibu, 1 (3), 1974.
12. Earle, T.K. & Ericson, J.E., (eds)., Exchange Systems in Prehistory, New York : Academic Press,
1977.
13. Eliade, M., Shamanism, Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1972.
14. Garnsey, P.D.A. and Whittaker, C.R., Imperialism in the Ancient World, Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 1978.
15. Garnsey, P.D.A. and Saller, R., The Roman Empire : Economy, Society & Culture, London :
Duckworth, 1987.
16. Hansen, M. H., The Athenian Democracy, Blackwell, Oxford & Cambridge, 1991.
17. Hasebroeck, J., Trade and Politics in Ancient Greece, New York : Biblo and Tannen, 1965.
18. Lee, R. B. and I de Vore, Man The Hunter, Chicago : Aldine, 1968.
19. Lee, R. B., The Kung San, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1979.
20. Mellaart, J., The Neolithic of the Near East, London : Thames and Hudson, 1977.
21. Polyani, K. et al., Trade and Markets in the Early Empires, New York and London : The Free Press
Collier-Macmillan, 1957.
22. Postage, J.N., Early O Mestopotamia, New York/London : Routledge, 1992.
23. Reed, C., Origins of Agriculture, The Hague : Mouton, 1977.
24. Sahlins, M., Stone Age Economics, London : Tavistock, 1974.
18 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
25. Sahlins, M., 'The Segmentary Lineage : An Organization of Predatory Expansion', American
Anthropologist, Vol. 63, 1961.
26. Sahlins, M., Tribesmen, Englewood Cliffs : Prentice-Hall, 1969.
27. Service, E. R., Primitive Social Organization, New York : Random House, 1971.
28. Smith, B.D., The Emergence of Agriculture, New York : Scientific American Library, 1995.
29. Starr, C.G., The Economic and Social Growth of Early Greece, New York, Oxford University Press,
1977.
30. Thompson, E. A., A History of Atilla and the Huns, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1948.
31. Thompson, E. A., The Early Germans, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1965.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Adams, R.M., The Evolution of Urban Society, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1966.
2. Childe, V.G., 'The Urban Revolution in Mesopotamia', in What Happened in History,
Harmondsworth : Penguin, 1954.
3. Clark, G. and S., Piggott, Prehistoric Societies, London : Hutchinson, 1965.
4. Earle, T., How Chiefs Come to Power, Stanford : Stanford University Press, 1997.
5. Ehrenberg, V., The Greek State, Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1960.
6. Ellen, R., 'Modes of Subsistence : Hunting and Gathering to Agriculture and Pastoralism', in T
Ingold ed., Companion Encyclopaedia of Anthropology, London/New York : Routledge, 1994.
7. Finley, M. I., Ancient Slavery and Modern Ideology, London : Penguin, 1980.
8. Finley, M. I., The Ancient Economy, London : Chatto & Windus, 1973.
9. Harris, D. R. (ed)., The Origins and Spread of Agriculture in Eurasia, Washington : Smithsonian
Institution Press, 1996.
10. Ingold, T. et al., Hunter and Gatherers, Volume 1, New York/Oxford : Berg, 1988.
11. Jones, A. H. M., The Roman Economy, Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1974.
12. Service, E.R., The Hunters, Englewood Cliffs : Prentice-Hall, 1966.
13. Thomas, J., Understanding the Neolithic, London/New York : Routledge, 1999.
14. Wason, P. K., The Archaeology of Rank, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Paper III–IV Opt. (vi) : CAPITALISM : RISE AND GROWTH IN THE WEST
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION 19
UNIT-I
1. Transition from feudalism to capitalism. Debates on the origins of capitalism.
2. Stages of Capitalism. Mercantilism, various chartered companies and their political and economic
activities. Marginalisation of mercantilist interest.
3. The emerging link between the generation of wealth and science. The scientific revolution and its
relationship with war and the growth of trade in the 16th and 17th centuries.
UNIT-II
4. The growth of industries, 1750-1914 with specific reference to Cotton Textile, Coal, Steam, Iron and
Steel.
5. The contribution of agriculture to capitalism in the 18th and 19th centuries with special reference to
enclosures, animal husbandry, food adequacy and population growth.
6. Creation of an infrastructure for economic growth. The factory system, the transport revolution,
credit systems, banks, insurance, joint stock companies.
UNIT-III
7. Working Class : The Chartist Movement, trade unions, their role and growth, controversies over
living conditions.
8. Social unrest and the revolutions of the 1840s in England, France, Germany and Italy.
9. The Middle Classes : Spread of education, growth of socialist and liberal ideas; women and public
affairs, organisation of local government.
UNIT-IV
10. Imperialism in the Industrial Era : Great power rivalry in Europe, Asia and Africa; Debates on the
nature and origins of 19th century imperialism.
11. The various economic depression of the 19th and early 20th centuries and their social and political
impact.
12. National Responses to the Crises : The growth of totalitarian and liberal politics in the form of
Fascism, Nazism, Stalinism and the liberal welfare state.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Hobsbawm, E.J., Age of Capital, New Delhi : Rupa, 1999.
2. Hobsbawm, E.J., Age of Empire, New Delhi : Rupa, 1999.
3. Hobsbawm, E.J., Age of Extremes, New Delhi : Rupa, 1999.
4. Hobsbawm, E.J., Age of Revolution, New Delhi : Rupa, 1999.
5. Hobsbawm, E.J., Industry and Empire : London : Penguin, 1968.
20 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART I HISTORY EXAMINATION
6. Kennedy, Paul, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers : Economic Change and Military Conflict
from 1500 to 2000, New York : Random House, 1988.
7. Landes, David S., The Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in
Western Europe from 1750 to the Present : Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1969.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Marx, Karl, The Capital, Volume 1, especially the following 6 chapters :
'Bloody Legislation against the Expropriated, from the End of the 15th Century. Forcing down of
Wages by Acts of Parliament'
'Genesis of the Capitalist Farmer'
'Reaction of the Agricultural Revolution on Industry. Creation of the Home-Market for Industrial
Capital'
'Genesis of The Industrial Capitalist'
'Historical Tendency of Capitalist Accumulation'
'The Modern Theory of Colonisation'
2. Mendelsohn, K, Science and Western Domination, London : Thames and Hudson, 1976.
Rostow, W.W., The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto, Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 1960.
WEB SITES RECOMMENDED FOR CONSULTATION :
http://archives.econ.utah.edu/
http://www.gutenberg.net/
http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/
http://www.marxists.org/
http://ohiou.edu/
A web search would yield a rich body of material, both primary and secondary, available on the internet.
The A C Joshi Library at Panjab University, Chandigarh contains a large body of literature that is worth
reading for this course.
---------------
OUTLINES OF TESTS, SYLLABI AND COURSES OF READING IN THE SUBJECT OF
HISTORY FOR M.A. PART II EXAMINATION, 2011
OUTLINES OF TEST
Paper I : The Punjab 1799-1966
Paper II : Any one of the following :
(i) History of India 1947-1992.
(ii) History of Gender Relations in Modern India.
(iii) National Movement in India 1858-1947.
Paper III : Any one of the following :
(i) Economic History of India upto 1200 AD
(ii) -- do -- c. 1200-1750 AD
(iii) -- do -- c. 1750-1947 AD
(iv) Urbanization & Urban Life in India
Paper IV : Any one of the following :
(i) Social & Cultural History of India upto 1200 AD
(ii) -- do -- c. 1200-1750 AD
(iii) -- do -- c 1750-1947 AD
(iv) Sacred Centres in the Indian Civilization
Paper I : THE PUNJAB 1799-1966
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks
for each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two questions, and the candidates
shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each question will carry
15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Trends in Historiography on Ranjit Singh : British; Nationalist; Post-Independence.
2. State Under Ranjit Singh : Politico-Administrative Organisation. Land Revenue System. Jagirs and
State Patronage.
21
22 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
3. Pre-British Economy : Agricultural Production and the Peasantry; Manufacturer and Artisans; Trade
and Business Communities.
UNIT-II
4. The Colonial Punjab : Administrative Framework; Western Education; Emergence of the
Professional Middle Classes.
5. The Agrarian Society : Agricultural Development and Technology; Canal Colonies; Changes in
Agrarian Society.
6. Cultural Reorientations : Christian Missions and their activities; the Press; Religious Resurgence
and Social Reform.
UNIT-III
7. Anti-Colonial Articulations in the Region : Upsurge of 1907; Akali movement 1920-25; Trends in
Militant Nationalism.
8. Responses to National Politics, 1919-1942 : Rowlatt Satyagraha, Jallianwala Bagh and the Martial
Law; Non-Cooperation movement; Civil Disobedience and Quit India.
9. Punjab Politics : The Unionist Party; Communal mobilization and the Elections of 1946; Partition
and the Radcliffe Award.
UNIT-IV
10. Post-Partition Punjab : Nature and course of migrations; Rehabilitation and Demographic
changes; Agrarian developments.
11. Towards the Punjabi-Speaking State : Politics of languages & Mobilization for and response to a
Punjabi-speaking state; the Reorganization Act of 1966 and its implications.
12. Socio-Economic Changes : Small scale industry; Urbanization; Changing position of Women and
Dalits.
ESSENTIAL READINGS :
1. Ali, Imran, The Punjab under Imperialism, 1890-1947, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1989.
2. Banerjee, Himadri, Agrarian Society of the Punjab (1849-1901), New Delhi : Manohar, 1982.
3. Banga, Indu, Agrarian System of the Sikhs, New Delhi : Manohar, 1978.
4. Banga, Indu (ed.), Five Punjabi Centuries : Polity, Economy, Society and Culture c. 1500-1900,
New Delhi : Manohar, 2000.
5. Fauja Singh, State and Society under Ranjit Singh, Delhi : Master Publishers, 1982.
6. Grewal, J.S. & Banga, Indu (eds.), Punjab in Prosperity and Violence, 1947-1997, New Delhi : K.K.
Publishers, 1998. (Essays on Demographic Change, Urbanization, Dalits and Women).
7. Grewal, J.S., Maharaja Ranjit Singh : Polity, Economy and Society, Amritsar : Guru Nanak Dev
University, 2001.
8. Grewal, J.S., The Sikhs of the Punjab, New Cambridge History of India, New Delhi : Orient
Longman Foundation Books, 1998.
9. Jones, Kenneth W., Socio-Religious Reform Movements in British India, New Cambridge History of
India, Delhi : Foundation Books, 1994.
10. Johar, R.S. and Khanna, J.S., Studies in Punjab Economy, Amritsar : GNDU, 1983 (essays on
industry).
11. Mahajan, Ganeshi, Congress Politics in the Punjab (1885-1947), New Delhi : K.K. Publishers, 2002.
12. Mohan, Kamlesh, Militant Nationalism in the Punjab, New Delhi : Manohar, 1985.
13. Saini, B.S., The Social and Economic History of the Punjab, 1901-1939, Delhi : Ess Ess
Publications, 1975.
14. Talbot, Ian, Punjab and the Raj, 1849-1947, Delhi : Manohar, 1988.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 23
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Anita Inder Singh, The Origins of the Partition of India 1936-1947, New Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1987.
2. Banga, Indu & Grewal, J.S. (eds.), Maharaja Ranjit Singh : The State and Society, Amritsar :
GNDU, 2001.
3. Bhatia, Shyamala, Social Change and Politics in Punjab, 1898-1910, New Delhi : Enkay Publishers,
1997.
4. Brass, Paul, R., Language, Religion and Politics in North India, New Delhi : Vikas Publishing
House, 1974.
5. Deol, Harnik, Religion and Nationalism in India : The Case of the Punjab, London : Routledge
Studies in the Modern History of Asia, 2000.
6. Forbes, Geraldine, Women in Modern India, The New Cambridge History of India, New Delhi :
Foundation Books, 1999.
7. Ganda Singh (ed.), The Singh Sabha and Other Socio-Religious Movements in the Punjab, The
Punjab Past and Present, Patiala : Punjabi University, 1974 (essays especially on Singh Sabha and
Christianity).
8. Grewal, J.S., The Akalis : A Short History, Chandigarh : Punjab Studies Publications, 1996.
9. Grewal, Reeta (ed.), Five Thousand Years of Urbanization : The Punjab Region, New Delhi :
Manohar, 2005.
10. Islam, M.M., Irrigation, Agriculture and the Raj : Punjab 1887-1947, New Delhi :
Manohar, 1997.
11. Jones, Kenneth W., Arya Dharm, New Delhi : Manohar, 1989.
12. Juergensmeyer, Mark, Religion as Social Vision—The Movements Against Untouchability in 20th
Century Punjab, New Delhi : Ajanta Press, 1988.
13. Kirpal Singh, The Partition of the Punjab, Patiala : Punjabi University, 1972.
14. Khilnani, N.M., British Power in the Punjab, Bombay : Asia, 1972.
15. Khushwant Singh, History of the Sikhs, Vol. II : 1839-1988, Delhi : OUP, 1991.
16. Malhotra, S.L., From Civil Disobedience to Quit India, Chandigarh : Panjab University, 1979.
17. Mohinder Singh, The Akali Movement, Delhi : Macmillan, 1978.
18. Nair, Janaki, Women and Law in Colonial India : A Social History, New Delhi : Kali for Women,
1996.
19. Puri, Harish K., Dalits in Regional Context, Jaipur : Rawat, 2004.
20. Puri, Harish K. and Judge, Paramjit S. (eds.), Social and Political Movements : Readings on Punjab,
Delhi : Rawat Publications, 2000.
21. Rai Satya M., Legislative Politics and Freedom Struggle in Punjab, 1897-1947, New Delhi :
People's Publishing House, 1984.
22. Rai Satya M., Punjab Since Partition, Delhi : Durga Publishers, 1986.
23. Sharma, Harish C., Artisans of the Punjab : A Study of Social Change in Historical Perspective
(1849-1947), New Delhi : Manohar, 1996.
24. Sharma, Radha, Peasantry and the State : Early Nineteenth Century Punjab, New Delhi : K.K.
Publishers, 2000.
25. Sukhwant Singh, Agricultural Growth under Colonial Constraints : The Punjab, 1849-1947, Delhi :
Manmeet Prakashan, 2000.
26. Tai Yong Tan & Gyanesh Kudaisya, The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia, London : Routledge,
2000.
27. Tanwar, Raghuvendra, Politics of Sharing Power : The Punjab Unionist Party 1923-1947, New
Delhi : Manohar, 1999.
24 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
28. Walia, Amrit, Development of Education and Social Political Change in the Punjab, 1882-1947,
Jalandhar : ABS Publications, 2005.
29. Webster, John, C.B., The Dalit Christians : A History, Delhi : I.S.P.C.K.,1994.
30. Webster, John, C.B., The Christian Community and Social Change in Nineteenth Century North
India, Delhi : Macmillan, 1976.
Paper II Opt. (i) : HISTORY OF INDIA 1947-1992
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Historiographical Survey for the History of a Newly Formed Nation : Ideological underpinnings for
a nation at the time of independence with special reference to Vivekananda, Gandhi, Ambedkar and
Nehru.
2. India on the Eve of Independence : Rehabilitation after Partition; The making of the constitution,
debates on its nature and changes made to it.
3. The structure of the bureaucracy and the police and changes in their relationship with the legislative
arm of the state and with civil society.
UNIT-II
4. Changes within the Economy : Demographic trends. Economic policies; The Planning Process and
Five Year Plans.
5. Industrial Growth : Debates on the nature and value of the public and the private sector; Labour
relations.
6. Land Reforms and Agrarian Changes : Green Revolution with special reference to the Punjab.
Peasant unrest and its changing forms, especially in Punjab, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and
Maharashtra.
UNIT-III
7. The States : The continuous reorganization of States since the 1950s. Changing nature of Centre-
State relations.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 25
8. The Emergency of 1975 : Its causes and consequences. Various political responses to the
emergency. Emergence of a civil democratic rights movement and the varied responses of the state.
9. Political and Economic Relations with the World : Changing patterns of friendship and enemity with
neighbouring countries. Relations, political, social and economic with the so-called Great Powers.
UNIT-IV
10. Social Change : Changing patterns of assertion by marginalized groups : depressed classes, tribals,
women.
11. Political and Social Assertions by Different Regions : Punjab, Tamilnadu and the Northeast.
12. The Emergence and Articulation of an Indian Identity : The problem of national integration versus
adjusting conflicting claims in a democratic space.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
Note : Consisting of books which give a broad, but essential, overview of various themes in the course. It is
highly recommended that candidates browse through the collection of the A.C. Joshi Library, Panjab
University for more detailed information about various topics.
1. Chandra, Bipan, Mridula Mukherjee and Aditya Mukherjee, India after Independence, 1947-2000,
Delhi : Penguin, 2002.
2. Schwartzberg, Joseph E., Historical Atlas of South Asia, Chicago : University of Chicago Press,
1978.
3. Spear, Percival, The Oxford History of Modern India 1740-1975, New York : Oxford University
Press, 1979.
The following titles from the series New Cambridge History of India, [often listed in libraries and
catalogues under the heading New Cambridge History of India] published by the Cambridge
University Press and available in Indian editions :
4. Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age / Susan Bayly,
1999.
5. The Economy of Modern India, 1860-1970 / B.R. Tomlinson, 1993.
6. The Politics of India since Independence / Paul R. Brass, 1994.
7. The Sikhs of the Punjab / J.S. Grewal, 1998.
8. Women in Modern India / Geraldine Forbes, 1996.
REFERENCE READINGS
Consisting of items that provide more in-depth information. Many of the items overlap with each
other or provide different, and even conflicting perspectives on the theme concerned. The list is not
exhaustive and consulting the library extensively can yield more information. Items published by
Sage are all available from Sage India Ltd. Delhi.
1. Aloysius, G., Nationalism Without a Nation in India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1997.
2. Austin, Granville, Working a Democratic Constitution : The Indian Experience, New York and
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1999.
3. Bagchi, Amiya Kumar, The Political Economy of Underdevelopment, Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 1982.
4. Banerjee, Anil Chandra, The Constitutional History of India, Delhi : Macmillan, various editions.
5. Bardhan, Pranab, The Political Economy of Development in India, Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1998.
26 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
6. Baruah Sanjib, India Against Itself : Assam and the Politics of Nationality, Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1999.
7. Brass, Paul, Ethnicity and Nationalism : Theory and Comparison, Newbury Park, CA : Sage
Publications, 1992.
8. Breton, Roland J. L., Atlas of the Languages and Ethnic Communities of South Asia, Thousand
Oaks : Sage, 1997.
9. Cashman, Richard, "The Political Recruitment of the God Ganapati," Indian Economic and Social
History Review, 7, 3, 1970, 347-373 reprinted in India, Rebellion to Republic : Selected Writings,
1857-1990, edited by Robin Jeffrey, Robin, et al., New Delhi : Sterling Publishers, 1990, pp.37-63.
10. Copley, Antony ed., Hinduism in Public and Private: Reform, Hindutva, Gender and Sampraday,
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2002 .
11. Dalmia, Vasudha and Heinrich Von Stietencron, ed. Representing Hinduism : The Construction of
Religious Traditions and National Identity, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1995.
12. Das, Veena, ed., Mirrors of Violence : Communities, Riots and Survivors in South Asia, Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1990.
13. Derrett, J. Duncan M., Religion, Law and the State in India, London; Faber and Faber, 1968.
14. Dreze, Jean and Amartya Sen, India : Economic Development and Social Opportunity, Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1996.
15. Fox, Richard G., Gandhian Utopia : Experiments with Culture, New York : Beacon Press, 1989.
16. Frankel, Francine and M. S. A. Rao ed., Dominance and State Power in India—Decline of a Social
Order, Vol. I, New York : Oxford University Press, 1989.
17. Frankel, Francine R., India's Political Economy, 1947-77, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1978.
18. Ghosh, A., Emerging Capitalism in Indian Agriculture : The Historical Roots of its Uneven
Development, New Delhi : People's Pub. House, 1988.
19. Gopal, Sarvepalli, "The Formative Ideology of Jawaharlal Nehru," in National and Left Movements
in India, ed. K.N. Panikar, New Delhi : 1980.
20. Hardiman, David, Dialogues with Truth : The Legacy of Gandhi, Delhi : Permanent Black, 2002.
21. Hasan, Mushirul, Legacy of a Divided: India's Muslims from Independence to Ayodhya, Boulder :
Westview, 1997.
22. Jafferlot, Christophe, The Hindu Nationalist Movement and Indian Politics, 1925 to the 1990s;
Strategies of Identity-Building, Implantation and Mobilisation (with special reference to Central
India), New Delhi; Viking, 1996.
23. Joshi, Vijay and I.M.D., Little, India's Economic Reforms, 1991-2001, Oxford, Oxford University
Press, 1996.
24. Karlekar, Hiranmay, ed., Independent India : The First Fifty Years, Delhi : ICCR and OUP, 1988.
25. Kohli, Atul, ed., India's Democracy : An Analysis of Changing State-Society Relations, Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1990.
26. Kohli, Atul, Democracy and Discontent, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1990.
27. Kothari, Rajni, "Introduction", in his Caste in Indian Politics, Delhi : Orient Longman, 1978.
28. Krishna, Sankaran, Postcolonial Insecurities: India, Sri Lanka, and the Question of Nationhood,
Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press, 1999.
29. Kumar, Dharma ed., The Cambridge Economic History of India, Volume 2 : C.1750-C.1970, New
Delhi: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
30. Ludden, David, Contesting the Nation : Religion, Community, and the Politics of Democracy in
India, Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996.
31. Minault, Gail Ed., The Extended Family : Women and Political Participation in India and Pakistan,
Columbia, MO. : South Asia Books, 1981.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 27
32. Moore, Barrington M., James C. Scott, Edward Friedman, Social Origins of Dictatorship and
Democracy : Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World, New York : Beacon Press,
1993.
33. Morris-Jones,W. H., The Government and Politics of India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1987.
34. Omvedt, Gail, Dalits and the Democratic Revolution : Dr. Ambedkar and the Dalit Movement in
Colonial India, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994.
35. Pandey, Gyanendra ed., Hindus and Others : The Question of Identity in India Today, New Delhi :
Viking, 1993.
36. Robb, Peter ed., Dalit Movements and the Meanings of Labour in India, Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1993.
37. Robb, Peter ed., Rural South Asia : Linkages, Change, and Development, London : Curzon Press,
1983.
38. Sachs, Jefferey D., Ashutosh Varshney and Nirupam Bajpai ed., India in the Era of Economic
Reforms, New Delhi : 1996.
39. Sarkar, Tanika ed., Women and Right-Wing Movements : Indian Experiences with Urvashi Butalia,
London : Zed Books, 1995.
40. Srinivasa, M.N., Social Change in Modern India, Delhi : Orient Longman, 1977.
41. Talbot, Ian, India & Pakistan, New York : Edward Arnold, 2000.
42. Trivedi, Madhusudan, Entrepreneurship Among Tribals, Jaipur : Printwell, 1991.
43. Vanaik, Achin, The Painful Transition : Bourgeois Democracy in India, London : Verso, 1996.
44. Zelliott, Eleanor, "Dalit—New Cultural Context for an Old Marathi Word," in From Untouchable to
Dalit : Essays on the Ambedkar Movement, Delhi : Manohar, 1992.
Paper II Opt. (ii) : HISTORY OF GENDER RELATIONS IN MODERN INDIA
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Historiography of Gender Relations : Basic concepts; research methodology; perspectives¾liberal,
radical, Marxist, socialist and nationalist.
2. Position of Women in Pre-Colonial India : Structures of patriarchy; legal Position of women;
women in family and society.
3. Socio-Economic Position of Women in Colonial India : Agenda of Social Reformers; Education and
Literacy; Economic position.
28 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
UNIT-II
4. Women and Law in Colonial State : Customary law; state legislation; the development of personal
laws.
5. Organisation and Struggle : Women's organizations; women's participation in the nationalist
movement; women’s activists.
6. Indian Thinkers on Issues related to Women : Revivalist thinkers; radical thinkers; Gandhi on
women.
UNIT-III
7. Women's Movement in Post Independence Period : Theoretical approaches to the movement;
structure of the Indian women's movement; new Phase in Feminist movement—its ideology.
8. Role of the State : Constitutional provisions and legislation related to women, education and change.
9. Struggle for Rights of Women; Rural movements; dalit women's struggle : resources and structure of
urban empowerment.
UNIT-IV
10. Economic Position of Women in Independent India : Role of women in Indian economy; women in
organised and unorganised sectors; women and environment.
11. Post Independence Strategies : Women in panchayati raj; political participation of women in
legislatures; media and women.
12. Continuity and Change : Changing status of women; violence against women; gender equalitydifferent
agendas.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. B.R. Nanda (ed.), Purdah to Modernity, Delhi : Vikas Publishing, 1976.
2. Forbes, Geraldine, Women in Modern India, The New Cambridge History of India, New Delhi :
Foundation Books, 1999.
3. J. Krishnamurty, Women in Colonial India—Essay on Survival, Works & the State, Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 1989.
4. Jana Matson Everett, Women and Social Change in India, New Delhi : Heritage Publishers, 1978.
5. Janaki Nair, Women and Law in Colonial India : A Social History, New Delhi : Kali for Women,
1996.
6. Kiran Pawar (ed.), Women in Indian History, Patiala : Vision and Venture, 1996.
7. Kumkum Sangari and Sudesh Vaid (eds.), Recasting Women, New Delhi : Kali for Woman, Reprint,
1993.
8. Nandita Gandhi & Nandita Shah, The Issues at Stake : Theory and Practice in the Contemporary
Women’s Movement in India, New Delhi : Kali for Women, 1992.
9. Neera Desai & Maithreyi Krishnaraj, Women and Society in India, New Delhi : Ajanta Publications,
1987.
10. Partha Chatterjee, The Nation and its Fragments, Colonial and Post Colonial Histories, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, reprint, 1994.
11. Radha Kumar, The History of Doing : An Illustrated Account of Movements for Women's Rights and
Feminism in India 1800-1990, New Delhi : Kali for Women, Lied, 1997.
12. Ranjana Sheel, The Political Economy of Dowry, Institutionalization and Expansion in North India,
New Delhi : Manohar, 1999.
13. S.A. Chatterjee, The Indian Women in Perspective, New Delhi : Ajanta Publications, 1993.
14. Tanika Sarkar & Urvashi Butalia (eds.), Women and the Hindu Right, A Collection of Essays, New
Delhi : Kali for Women, 1995.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 29
15. V. Dhruvrajan, Hindu Women and Power of Ideology, New Delhi : Vistaar Publications (Sage),
1989.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Altekar, A.S., The Position of Women in Hindu Civilization : Retrospect & Prospect, Delhi : Motilal
Benarsidas, 1959.
2. Vijay Agnew, Elite Women in Indian Politics, Delhi : Vikas, 1979.
3. Bina Agarwal, Structures of Patriarchy : State Community and Household in Modernising Asia,
New Delhi : Kali for Women, 1988.
4. Bharati Ray, Early Feminists in India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1987.
5. Bharati Ray & Aparna Basu (ed.), From Independence Towards Freedom, Indian Women Since
1947, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2000.
6. Das, Veena, Indian Women :Work, Power & Status in B.R. Nanda (ed.), Indian Women, From
Purdah to Modernity, New Delhi : Vikas, 1976.
7. Doris, R. Jakobsh, Relocating Gender in Sikh History—Transformation, Meaning & Identity, New
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2003.
8. Gail Omvedt, Reinventing Revolution, New York : East Gate, 1993.
9. G. Leela Kasturi & Vina Majumdar (ed.), Women and Indian Nationalism, New Delhi : Vikas, 1994.
10. Leslie J. Calman, Towards Empowerment, Women and Movement Politics in India, Oxford :
Westview Press, 1992.
11. M. Mazheruddin Siddiqui, Women in Islam, New Delhi : Adam Publishers & Distributor, 1991.
12. P. Mukherjee, Hindu Women Normative Models, Calcutta : Orient Longman : Revised ed., 1994.
13. Patrica Uberoi, Family, Kinship & Marriage in India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1993.
14. Rehmani Begum, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Lahore : Vanguard Books, 1985.
15. Vandana Shiva, Staying Alive : Women Ecology and Survival in India, New Delhi : Kali for
Women, 1988.
16. Vina Mazumdar (ed.), Symbols of Power : Studies on the Political Status of Women in India,
Bombay : Allied Publishers, 1979.
Paper II Opt. (iii) : NATIONAL MOVEMENT IN INDIA 1858-1947
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
30 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
UNIT-I
1. Historiography of Indian Nationalism : The Imperialist, the Subaltern, the Nationalist and the
Marxist approaches.
2. Early Nationalists : Early associations and forms of political activity, Peasant movements and
Uprising after 1857; Indigo Revolt of 1859-60; Agrarian unrest during 1870's and 1880's with
special reference to Bengal.
3. Indian National Congress : Theories of origin and foundation of the Indian National Congress;
social basis of Indian National Congress; development of the Indian National Congress, Home Rule
Agitation 1915-1918; role of Tilak and Annie Besant.
UNIT-II
4. National Awakening : National Awakening and Socio-Religious Social Reforms; National
Movement, social and religious reform movements with special reference to Arya Samaj, Singh
Sabha, and the Anjumans; the cultural nationalist; Religious and Separatists dimensions.
5. Peasant Movements and Nationalism 1920-1940 : Kisan Sabhas and Eka movements in Avadh in
U.P.; Mappila rebellion in Malabar and Bardoli Satyagraha in Gujarat.
6. Separatist Trends and Organizations : Social basis of Separatism, Separatists ideologies,
development of separatists organizations, State policies & Separatism; political and cultural
dimensions.
UNIT-III
7. Nationalism under Gandhi's Leadership : Indian politics 1905-1918, emergence of Gandhi :
Movements in Champaran, Khera and Ahmedabad, Rowlatt Satyagraha, 1919.
8. Gandhi and Nationalist Politics : Critical assessment of Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Movement,
Gandhi's Mass Contact Programme, the Swarajists and Gandhi.
9. Freedom Struggle in the Princely States : Growth of Political Consciousness; Rise of Praja Mandals;
The Indian National Congress in British India and Princely States.
UNIT-IV
10. Left Wing Politics and Youth Organizations : Workers and Peasant parties with special reference to
Bengal, Punjab and U.P. Trade Union Movements ¾ 1930-32, Growth of left wing politics;
Revolutionaries; Youth leagues and Simon Boycott; Civil Disobedience 1930-32.
11. Women in the Freedom Struggle : Women as Activists : Participation in Gandhian Movements;
Participation in Left and Revolutionary Movements; and Women’s Movements.
12. Last Phase of the Struggle : The movement from 1932-42, Quit India and INA; Post-War National
Upsurge; Freedom and Partition - Why Congress and Gandhi accept Partition.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Chandra, Bipan, Mridula Mukerjee, Aditya Mukerjee, K.N. Pannikar, Sucheta Mahajan, India's
Struggle for Independence, Penguin, 1998.
2. Chandra, Bipan, Nationalism and Colonialism in Modern India, Delhi : Orient Longman, 1979.
3. Desai, A.R., Social Background of Indian Nationalism, Bombay : Popular Parkashan, 1966.
4. Forbes, Geraldine, Women in Modern India, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2002.
5. Guha, Ranjit, Subaltern Studies, I-IX, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1982-86.
6. Low, D.A., Britain and Indian Nationalism : The Imprint of Ambiguity, Cambridge University
Press, New Edition 2002.
7. Mahajan, Sucheta, Independence and Partition, New Delhi : Sage, 2000.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 31
8. Mehrotra, S.R., Emergence of Indian National Congress, Delhi : Manohar, 1971.
9. Mehrotra, S.R., Towards India's Freedom and Partition, New Delhi, 1979.
10. Nanda, B.R., The Making of Indian Nation, Collins : Harper, 1998.
11. Pathak, B.N. (ed.), History of Indian National Congress, 3 Vols., New Delhi, 1985.
12. Singh, Anita Inder, The Origins of Partition of India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1987.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. AICC, A Centenary History of the Indian National Congress, Vols. II & III.
2. Aloysius, G., Nationalism without a Nation in India, Oxford University Press, 1998.
3. B.R. Nanda, Mahatma Gandhi : A Biography, Bombay : Allied Publishers, 1978.
4. Chandra, Bipan, The Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India, New Delhi : People's
Publishing House, 1982 (reprint).
5. Farquhar, J.H., Modern Religious Movements in India, Delhi : Munshi Ram, Manohar Lal, 1976.
6. Gopal, S., British Policy in India, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1965.
7. Joshi Shashi, and Josh, B., Struggle for Hegemony in India 1920-47, Vol. I to III, New Delhi :
Sage 1992-1994.
8. Low, D.A. (ed.), Congress and the Raj, New Delhi : Arnold Heineman, 1977.
9. Majumdar, R.C., Struggle for Freedom, Vol. III, Calcutta, 1963.
10. Massollas, Jim, Nationalism on the Indian Subcontinent, Melbourne : Thomas Nelson, 1972.
11. Salil Misra, A Narrative of Communal Politics, UP 1937-39, New Delhi : Sage, 2001.
12. Sumit Sarkar, The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, 1903-1908, New Delhi : Macmillan, 1977.
13. Tara Chand, History of the Freedom Movement in India, 2 Vols., Delhi : Publications Division,
1963.
Paper III opt. (i) : ECONOMIC HISTORY OF INDIA upto 1200 AD
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is Compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT- I : Historiography and Economy in the Early Historical Period in North India :
1. Approaches to the study of economy in early India.
2. Agricultural production and techniques, the role of iron technology, Land Revenue and Taxation.
3. Artisanal production, trade, networks of trade, urban centers and media of exchange.
32 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
UNIT- II : Early Historical Economy in the Deccan and South India :
4. Agricultural economy, urban centers, trade and guilds in the Deccan.
5. Temple Economy in South India.
6. Ports and early maritime contacts with West Asia, Egypt and South-East Asia.
UNIT- III : The Debate on 'Feudal' Economy and the Growth of a New Pattern of Economy :
7. Review of Indian Feudalism.
8. Expanding frontiers of agrarian society (land grants, creation of new settlements, agriculture with
reference to irrigation).
9. Peasantization and the subjection of the peasantry.
UNIT- IV : Urbanism and Trade in a New Context :
10. The paradigm of urban decay and its contestation.
11. Nature of urban growth.
12. New patterns of regional and long distance trade.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Adhya, G L., Early Indian Economies : Studies in the Economic Life of Northern and Western India,
Delhi : Asia Publishing House, 1966.
2. Champakalakshmi, R., Trade, Ideology and Urbanisation in South India, Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1996.
3. Chattopadhyaya, B. D., The Making of Early Medieval India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1994.
4. Ghoshal, U. N., The Agrarian System of Ancient India, Calcutta : University of Calcutta, 1930.
5. Gopal, L., Aspects of the History of Agriculture in Ancient India, Varanasi, 1980.
6. Gurukkal, R., 'Forms of Production and Forces of Change in Ancient Tamil Society', Studies in
History, 5.2, New Series, 1989.
7. Habib, I., 'The Peasant in Indian History, Presidential Address', 43rd session, Indian History
Congress, Kurukshetra, 1982.
8. Jha, D. N., Revenue System in Post-Mauryan and Gupta Times, Calcutta : Punthi Pustak, 1967.
9. Kher, N. K., Agrarian and Fiscal Economy in Mauryan and Post-Mauryan Age, Delhi : Motilal
Banarsidass, 1973.
10. Lal, M., Iron Tools, 'Forest Clearance and Urbanisation in the Ganga Plains', Man and Environment,
Vol. X, 1986.
11. Mukhia, H. (ed.), The Feudalism Debate, New Delhi : Manohar, 2000.
12. Parasher-Sen, A. (ed.), Social and Economic History of Early Deccan, New Delhi : Manohar, 1993.
13. Ray, H. P., Monastery and Guild-Commerce under the Satavahanas, Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1986.
14. Ray, H. P., The Winds of Change-Buddhism and the Maritime Links of Early South Asia, Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1994.
15. Sharma, R. S., and Jha, D. N., 'The Economic History of India upto AD 1200 : Trends and
Prospects', Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, Vol. 17, 1974.
16. Sharma, R. S. (ed)., Survey of Research in Economic and Social History of India, New Delhi :
Ajanta, 1986.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 33
17. Sharma, R. S., Material Culture and Social Formation in Ancient India, Delhi : Macmillan, 1983.
18. Sharma, R. S., Urban Decay in India, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1987.
19. Srivastava, B., Trade and Commerce in Ancient India (from the earliest times to c.300 AD),
Varanasi : The Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series, 1968.
20. Thakur, V. K., Urbanization in Ancient India, New Delhi : Abhinav Publications, 1981.
21. Thapar, R. (ed)., Recent Perspectives of Early Indian History, Mumbai : Popular Prakashan, 1998.
22. Yadav, B. N. S., 'Immobility and Subjection of Indian Peasantry in Early Medieval Complex', The
Indian Historical Review, Vol. 1, No.1, 1974.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Chattopadhyaya, B. D., Aspects of Rural Settlements and Rural Society in Early Medieval India,
Calcutta : K.P. Bagchi, 1990.
2. Chattopadhyaya, B. D. (ed.), Essays in Ancient Indian Economic History, New Delhi : Munshiram
Manoharlal, 1987.
3. Das, S. K., Economic History of Ancient India, Calcutta : University of Calcutta, 1925.
4. Ganguly, B. N. (ed.), Readings in Indian Economic History, Bombay : Asia Publishing House, 1964.
5. Ghosh, A., City in Early Historical India, Shimla : IIAS, 1973.
6. Gopal, L., The Economic Life of Northern India, Delhi : Motilal Banarsidass, 1965.
7. Hourani, G. F., Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times,
Princeton : Princeton University Press, 1951.
8. Jain, V. K., Trade and Traders in Western India, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1990.
9. Maity, S. K., Economic Life in Northern India in the Gupta Period, A.D. 300-550, Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass, 1970.
10. Niyogi, P., Contributions to the Economic History of Northern India, Calcutta : Progressive
Publishers, 1962.
11. Om Prakash, Early Indian Land Grants and State Economy, Allahabad : Excellence Publishers,
1988.
12. Sahu, B. P., Land System and Rural Society in Early India, New Delhi : Manohar, 1997.
13. Sharma, R. S., Perspectives in Social and Economic History of Early India, New Delhi : Munshiram
Manoharlal, 1983.
14. Shastri, A. M. (ed)., Coins and Early Indian Economy (Memoirs Series No. 6) The Numismatic
Society of India, Varanasi : BHU, 1976.
Paper III Opt. (ii) : ECONOMIC HISTORY OF INDIA C.1200-1750 AD
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
34 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
UNIT-I
1. Agrarian Economy of the Delhi Sultanate : Methods of cultivation and types of crops; means of
irrigation and schemes of agrarian expansion; prices of agricultural produce.
2. Structure of the Rural Society in the Delhi Sultanate : Relative position of the rural aristocracy,
intermediary groups and peasantry; impact of the state policies on their status.
3. Technology in the Delhi Sultanate : Types of water lifting devices; improvements in textile
technology; changes in building construction and military technology.
UNIT-II
4. Manufactures and Internal Trade during the Sultanate Period : Production of textiles and carpets;
iron and leather industries; internal trade, mercantile groups and prices.
5. Maritime Commerce of India during the Sultanate Period : Commodity structure, trading
communities and sea routes; types of ships and the tradition of ship building; attitude of the ruling
classes.
6. Economy of South India, with Speical Reference to the Vijaynagar Empire : Types of ecosystems;
the nayaka and ayagar systems; categories of land tenure and temple grants; dominance of the urban
economy.
UNIT-III
7. The Peasantry in Mughal India : Stratification of the peasant society; the nature of land rights;
structure of the village community.
8. The Position and Role of Zamindars in Mughal India : Nature of zamindari right; categories of
zamindars; strength of the zamindars and their role in administration.
9. Technological Improvements in Mughal India : The state of agricultural technology; mining and
metallurgy; changes in ship building with reference to European influence; the manufacture of
paper.
UNIT-IV
10. Industrial Production in Mughal India : Public and private demand for the manufactured goods; the
role of karkhanas; organisation of production and the status of artisans; the potentialities of capitalist
development.
11. Inland and Foreign Trade in the Mughal Period : Commodities of commerce; the role of trading
communities; trade routes and transportation; nature and organisation of the European trade with
India.
12. Urbanisation and the Middle Classes in Mughal India : The process of urbanisation; major
categories, functions and administration of urban centres; the emergence of middle classes, with
reference to their composition, income and mobility.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Farooqi, M.A., The Economic Policy of the Sultans of Delhi, New Delhi : Konark Publishers, 1991.
2. Habib Irfan, The Agrarian System of Mughal India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2nd
Revised edition, 1999.
3. Khan, Iqtidar Alam, The Middle Classes in the Mughal Empire, Presidential Address, Medieval
Section, Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Aligarh, 1975.
4. Naqvi, H.K., Agricultural, Industrial and Urban Dynamism under the Sultans of Delhi, New Delhi :
Munshiram Manoharlal, 1986.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 35
5. Raychaudhuri, Tapan & Irfan Habib (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. I,
Hyderabad : Orient Longman, 1984.
6. Qaisar, Ahsan Jan, The Indian Response to European Technology and Culture, New Delhi, Oxford
University Press (Reprint), 1998.
7. Rahman, A. (ed.) : History of Indian Science, Technology and Culture AD 1000-1800, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1998.
8. Sarkar, J.N., Mughal Economy : Organisation and Working, Calcutta : Naya Prakashan, 1987.
9. Stein, Burton, Peasant State and Society in Medieval South India, New Delhi, Oxford University
Press, Second Impression, 1999.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Alam, Muzaffar & Sanjay Subrahmanyam (Eds.), The Mughal State 1526-1750, New Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 1998.
2. Banga, Indu (ed.), The City in Indian History, New Delhi : Manohar Publishers, 1990.
3. Chandra, Satish (ed.), Essays in Medieval Indian Economic History, New Delhi : Munshiram
Manoharlal, 1987.
4. Chandra, Satish, Essays on Medieval Indian History, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2003.
5. Grover, B.R., 'Nature of Land Rights in Mughal India', The Indian Economic and Social History
Review, Vol. I, 1963.
6. Habib, Irfan, 'Technological Changes and Society : 13th and 14th Centuries, Proceedings of the
Indian History Congress, Varanasi, 1969.
7. Habib, Irfan, 'Economic History of the Delhi Sultanate : An Essay in Interpretation', The Indian
Historical Review, Vol. IV, No. 2, January, 1978.
8. Habib, Irfan, 'The Technology and Economy of Mughal India', The Indian Economic and Social
History Review, Vol. XVII, No. 2, 1980.
9. Habib, Irfan, Essays in Indian History : Towards A Marxist Perception, New Delhi : Tulika, 1995.
10. Hasan, S. Nurul, Thoughts on Agrarian Relations in Mughal India, New Delhi : Peoples Publishing
House, 1973.
11. Moreland, W.H., The Agrarian System of Moslem India, New Delhi : Low Price Publications,
(Reprint), 1990.
12. Moosvi, Shireen, The Economy of the Mughal Empire c.1595 : A Statistical Study, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1986.
13. Naqvi, H.K., Urban Centres and Industries in Upper India, Bombay : Asia Publishing House, 1968.
14. Singh, Surinder, 'Dynamics of Statecraft in the Delhi Sultanate : A Reconstruction From the Letters
of Ainul Mulk Mahru', Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 61st Session, Calcutta, 2001.
15. Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (Ed.), Money and the Market in India 1100-1700, New Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 1998.
16. Tchitcherov, A.I., India : Changing Economic Structure in the Sixteenth-Eighteenth Centuries :
Outline History of Crafts and Trade, New Delhi : Manohar Publishers & Distributors, 1998.
Paper III opt. (iii) : ECONOMIC HISTORY OF INDIA C.1750-1947 A D
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
36 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Nature of Pre-capitalist Agrarian Economy : Salient features of the village community; Peasantry;
Artisans; Taxation.
2. Stages in Colonialization of Indian Economy : East India Company and Mercantile Imperialism,
1757-1813; Free Trade Imperialism, 1813-1858; Finance Imperialism 1858-1947.
3. Drain Theory : Concept; economic effects in India; Nationalist Critique of British economic
policies; rise and growth of economic nationalist.
UNIT-II
4. Land and the State : Permanent Settlement Tenurial System : Zamindari, Roywari and Mahalwari.
5. Agricultural Production and Market : Commercialization, credit and capital in agriculture;
Government policies.
6. Agricultural Indebtedness and Credit : Causes of agrarian indebtedness, the cooperative movement;
Nationalist attitudes towards indebtedness; British policy towards indebtedness.
UNIT-III
7. Means of Transport and Communication : Motive for starting railways and their impact upon the
Indian economy; Roads and road transportation; Water transport.
8. Foreign Capital in India : Development of foreign capital; purpose of foreign investment; major
areas of foreign investment; attitude of Indian Nationalists towards foreign capital.
9. Growth of Techno-Scientific Institutions : Scientific and technical education; establishment of
engineering and medical colleges and institutes; Teaching of science in universities.
UNIT-IV
10. Development of Industries : An overview of small scale industry; Large scale industry;
Deindustrialization; Nature of Modern industry under the colonial rule-major industries—Cotton
textile, jute, iron & steel; Impediments to their growth; nationalist critique; Rise of industrial labour.
11. Foreign Trade : Growth; composition; direction; British policy towards foreign trade.
12. Modern Banking : Indigenous banking; new banking institutions; characteristics of the new banking
system; regulation of banking; currency and exchange.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Bagchi, A.K., Private Investment in India, 1900-1939, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,
1972.
2. Chandra, Bipan, The Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India, New Delhi : People's
Publishing House, 1982 (rep.).
3. Desai, A.R., Social Background or Indian Nationalism, Bombay : Popular Prakashan, 1976.
4. Dutt, R.P., India Today, Bombay : People's Publishing House, 1949.
5. Gadgil, D.R., The Industrial Evolution of India in Recent Times, 1860-1939, Bombay, Oxford
University Press, 1971 (5th edn.).
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 37
6. Gopal, S., The Permanent Settlement in Bengal and its Results, London : Allen and Unwin, 1949.
7. Raychaudhary and Dharma Kumar (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, 1757-1970,
Vol. II, Hyderabad : Cambridge University Press, 1984.
8. Ruthermund, D., Asian Trade and European Expansion in the Age of Mercantilism, New Delhi :
Manohar Publications, 1981.
9. Sen, Sunil K., Agrarian Relations in India, 1793-1947, New Delhi : People's Publishing House,
1979.
10. Singh, V.B. (ed.), Economic History of India, 1857-1956, Bombay : Allied Publication, 1965.
11. Tomlinson, B.R., The Political Economy of the Raj, 1914-1947, London : Macmillan, 1979.
REFERENCE READING
1. Alam, Muzaffar, The Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India : Awadh and the Punjab, 1707-1748,
New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1986.
2. Asiya, Siddiqui, Trade and Finance in Colonial India, 1750-1860, Oxford University Press, 1995.
3. Bhattacharyya, D., A Concise History of the Indian Economy, 1750-1950, New Delhi : Prentice
Hall, 1979 (2nd edn.).
4. Buchanan, D.H., The Development of Capitalistic Enterprise in India, New York : Macmillan, 1939.
5. Chandra, Satish, Parties and Politics at the Mughal Court, Bombay : Asia Publishing House, 1963.
6. Chaudhary, T.R., et. al. (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, 2 Vols., Hyderabad :
Longman, 1984.
7. Dutt, R.C., The Economic History of India in the Victorian Age, 1837-1900, Vol. 2, New Delhi :
Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, 1976 (reprint).
8. Gill, K.S., Evolution of the Indian Economy, New Delhi : National Council of Education Research
and Training, 1977.
9. Muranjan, S.K., Modern Banking in India, Bombay : News Books, 1952 (3rd edn.).
10. Naqvi, H.K., Urban Centres and Industries in Upper India's 1556-1803, Bombay : Asia Publishing
House, 1968.
11. Rajat Datta, Society, Economy and the Market, New Delhi : Manohar, 2000.
12. Ruthermund, D., Government, Landlord and Peasant in India—Agrarian Relations under British
Rule, 1865-1935, Weisbaden, 1978.
13. Sen, S.K., Studies in Industrial Policy and Development of India, 1858-1914, Calcutta : Progressive
Publishers, 1964.
14. Stokes, E., The English Utilitarians and India, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1969 (reprint).
15. Tirthankar, Roy, Cloth and Commerce, New Delhi : Sage Publications, 1996.
Paper III opt. (iv) : URBANIZATION AND URBAN LIFE IN INDIA
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
38 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. The First Urbanization : Origin and distribution of urban centres; morphological features and social
organization; debate on decline.
2. Early Historical Urbanism : Types of urban settlements; pattern of urbanization in the north and
south; urban morphology; administration; features of urban life.
3. Problem of Urban Decay in the Post-Gupta Period : Evidence on decline of urban centres;
emergence of new towns; urbanization in the south.
UNIT-II
4. Urbanization in Medieval India : 'Urban Revolution' in north India; urban growth and regional
patterns; types of urban centres; factors influencing urbanization.
5. Characteristics of Medieval Urbanism : Morphological features; markets; administration; social and
cultural life.
6. Case Study of Medieval City : Shahjehanabad : City and empire; cityscape; society; comparison
with Asian capital cities.
UNIT-III
7. Urbanization in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries : Changing urban pattern; categories of urban
centres; factors influencing urbanization.
8. New Urban Forms : Port city; hill station; cantonement; civil lines; colony town.
9. Case Study of a Colonial City : New Delhi : town planning; phases of growth; social organization
and urban institutions.
UNIT-IV
10. City Administration : Municipal legislation; resources and functions; control and limitations.
11. Urban Development in Post-independence India : Pattern of urban growth and regional variation;
problems of over-urbanization; slums, lack of civic amenities and haphazard growth.
12. Case Study of a Modern City : Chandigarh : Planning; growth; social dimensions.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Avasthi, A., Municipal Administration in India, Agra : Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, 1972.
2. Blake, Stephen P., Shahjahanbad, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1993, 26-103, 122-60.
3. Chakravarti, Dalip K., The Archaeology of Ancient Indian Cities, Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1998.
4. Frykenberg, R.E., ed., Delhi Through the Ages, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1993.
5. Ghosh, A., The City in Early Historical India, IIAS, Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1973.
6. Gupta, Narayani, Delhi Between Two Empires, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1981.
7. Kalia, Ravi, Chandigarh : The Making of an Indian City, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1988.
8. King, Anthony D., Colonial Urban Development : Culture, Social Power and Environment,
London : Routledge and Kegan, 1976.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 39
9. Shama, Mitra Chenoy, Shahjehanabad : A City of Delhi, 1638-1857, Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal,
1998.
10. Naqvi, H.K., Urbanization and Urban Centres under the Great Mughals, Shimla : IIAS, 1971, 1-38.
11. Sharma, R.S., Urban Decay in India, (c.300-c.1000), Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1987.
12. Thakur, Vijay Kumar, Urbanization in Ancient India, Delhi : Abhinav Publications, 1981.
ARTICLES/CHAPTERS
1. Allchin, R. and Allchin, B., The Archaeology of Early Historic South Asia : The Emergence of Cities
and States, Cambridge University Press, 1995, 73-151.
2. Banga, Indu, ed., The City in Indian History, New Delhi : Manohar, 1994 (Articles by S.C. Misra,
R.S. Sharma, J.S. Grewal, Satish Chandra, S. Nurul Hasan, Nita Kumar and Ravinder Kumar).
3. Chattopadhyaya, B.D., The Making of Early Medieval India, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 130-
82.
4. Gadgil, D.R., The Industrial Evolution of India in Recent Times, Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1971, 142-56.
5. Hambly, Gavin, R.G., 'Towns and Cities in Mughal India', Cambridge Economic History, 1200-
1750, Vol. I., eds., Tapan, Raychaudhuri and Irfan Habib, Hyderabad : Orient Longman, 1984, 434-
57.
6. Irfan Habib, 'Economic History of the Delhi Sultanate—An Essay in Interpretation', The Indian
Historical Review, Vol. IV, No. 2, January 1978, 287-303.
7. Champakalakshmi, R., Trade, Ideology and Urbanization : South India 300 BC to AD 1300, Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 1996, 92-174, 203-330.
8. Ratnagar, Shireen, Enquiries into the Political Organisation of Harappan Society, Pune : Ravish
Publishers, 1991, 23-49.
9. Ravinder Kumar, 'The Changing Structure of Urban Society in Colonial India', Indian Historical
Review, Vol. V., Nos.1-2, July 1978—Jan. 1979, 200-215.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Bayly, C.A., Rulers : Townsmen and Bazaars, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1992, 110-96, 303-
68.
2. Bose, Ashish, India's Urbanization, 1901-2001, Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill, 1983.
3. Grewal, J.S., In the By Lanes of History : Persian Documents from a Punjab Town, Shimla : IIAS,
1975.
4. Grewal, J.S., and Banga, Indu, eds., Studies in Urban History, Amritsar : GNDU, 8-17, 80-90.
5. Kanwar, Pamela, Imperial Shimla, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1993.
6. Mishra, R.P., Million Cities of India, Delhi : Vikas, 1978.
7. Oldenburg, Veena Talwar : The Making of Colonial Lucknow : 1856-1877, Princeton University
Press, 1984, 27-144.
8. Possehl, G.L., Harappan Civilization, Delhi : Oxford and IBH, 1982 (2nd rev. edn.).
9. Ramachandran, R., Urbanization and Urban Systems in India, Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1999.
10. Ratnagar, Shireen, End of Harappan Tradition, Delhi : Manohar, 1999.
11. Prakasa Rao, Urbanization in India, Delhi : Concept, 1983.
12. Singh, M.P., Town, Market, Mint and Port in the Mughal Empire 1500-1707, Delhi : Adam, 1985.
40 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
ARTICLES/CHAPTERS
13. Banga, Indu, ed., Ports and Their Hinterlands in India 1700-1950, New Delhi : Manohar, 1992,
7-14, 359-74.
14. Champakalakshmi, R., 'The City in Medieval South India—Its Forms and Meaning, Craftsmen and
Merchants’, Essays in South Indian Urbanism ed., Narayani Gupta, Chandigarh : UHAI, 1993,
5-26.
15. Heitzman, James, 'Temple Urbanism in Medieval South India', Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 46,
No. 4, 1987.
16. Mohammad Habib, 'Introduction', Elliott and Dowson's, History of India as told by its Own
Historians, Vol. II, Aligarh : Cosmopolitan, 1952.
17. Thakur, Renu, 'Urban Hierarchies, Typologies and Classification in Early Medieval India (c.750-
1200)', Urban History, Vol. 1, pt. I, April 1994, Cambridge University Press, 61-76.
Paper IV opt. (i) : SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF INDIA upto 1200 AD
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT- I : Historiography and Societies Reflected in Vedic Literature
1. Trends in the writings on social history of early India
2. Kinship, varna, jati, gender stratification
3. The development of rituals and the role of dana and daksina in social relations
UNIT- II : Socio-Religious Ferment in an Emerging Urban Context
4. Social dimensions of Jainism and Buddhism
5. Social stratification as reflected in the Buddhist texts
6. Women and the Buddhist order
UNIT-III : Early Historic Societies
7. Urban Classes : Traders and artisans
8. Notions of untouchability
9. The image of the barbarian and the use of the term mleccha
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 41
UNIT-IV : Early Medieval Societies
10. Agrarian expansion and the growth of landed intermediaries.
11. Assimilation of tribal groups and the proliferation of castes and jatis.
12. The development of regional religious traditions and the temple as an institution.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Chakrabarti, K., Religious Process—The Puranas and the Making of a Regional Tradition, Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 2001.
2. Chakravarti, U., The Social Dimensions of Early Buddhism, New Delhi : Oxford University Press,
1987.
3. Champakalakshmi, R., The Hindu Temple, Delhi : Lotus-Roli, 2001.
4. Eschmann, A., et al., The Cult of Jagannath and the Regional Tradition of Orissa, New Delhi :
Manohar, 1978.
[
5. Gonda, J., Vedic Ritual : The Non-Solemn Rites, Leiden : E.J. Brill, 1980.
6. Heesterman, J.C., The Inner Conflict of Tradition : Essays in Indian Ritual, Kingship and Society,
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1985.
7. Jaiswal, S., Caste-Origins, Function and Dimensions of Change, New Delhi : Manohar, 1998.
8. Jaiswal, S., 'Studies in Early Indian Social History, Trends and Possibilities', The Indian Historical
Review, Vol. VI, Nos. 1-2, July 1979—January, 1980.
9. Jha, V., 'Stages in the History of Untouchables', Indian Historical Review, Vol. II, No. 1, 1986.
10. Parashar, A., Mlecchas in Early India, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1991.
11. Roy, K. (ed.), Women in Early Indian Societies, New Delhi : Manohar, 1999.
12. Roy, K., The Emergence of Monarchy in North India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1994.
13. Sharma, R. S., Early Medieval Indian Society, Delhi : Orient Longman, 2001.
14. Sharma, R.S. (ed.), Survey of Research in Economic and Social History of India, New Delhi :
Ajanta, 1986.
15. Sharma, R. S., Social Changes in Early Medieval India, Delhi : People’s Publishing House, 1969.
16. Thakur, V. K., Urbanism in Ancient India, New Delhi : Abhinav Publications, 1981.
17. Thapar, R., From Lineage to State, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1984.
18. Thapar, R., Ancient Indian Social History, Delhi : Orient Longman, 1978.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Bhattacharya, N. N., Ancient Indian Rituals and their Social Content, New Delhi : Manohar, 1975.
2. Bhattacharya, S. C., Some Aspects of Indian Society, Calcutta, 1978.
3. Dumont, L., Homo Hierarchicus, Chicago : Chicago University Press, 1970.
4. Karve, I., Hindu Society—An Interpretation, Poona : Deccan College, 1961.
5. Nath, V., Dana-Gift System in Ancient India 600 BC-300 AD, Delhi, 1987.
6. Parashar-Sen, A Social and Economic History of the Early Deccan, New Delhi : Manohar,1993.
7. Paul, D.Y., Women in Buddhism, Berkeley : University of California Press, 1985.
8. Sharma, R. S., Material Culture and Social Formation in Ancient India, New Delhi : Macmillan,
1983.
9. Sharma, R. S., Perspectives in Social and Economic History in Early India, New Delhi : Munshiram
Manoharlal, 1983.
10. Thapar, R., Cultural Pasts—Essays in Early Indian History, Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2000.
11. Wagle, N. N., Society at the time of the Buddha, Bombay : Popular Prakashan, 1966.
42 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
Paper IV Opt. (ii) : SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF INDIA C. 1200-1750 AD
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks.
UNIT-I
1. Indian Society in the 13th -14th Centuries : Social structure, belief systems and practices; impact of
Turkish conquest on the Indian society and culture.
2. Location of Women in the Delhi Sultanate : Structure of patriarchy; forms of social oppression; legal
status and property rights; women and work.
3. Persian Literature by Amir Khusro : Life and career of the poet; form, content and significance of
his compositions : Historical masnavis, romantic masnavis and prose work.
UNIT-II
4. Islamic Mysticism : Ingredients of the mystic ideology; organization of the Chishti Silsilah; Chishti
attitude towards the state.
5. Krishna Bhakti Movement : Chaitanya and Bengal Vaishnavism; Surdas and the Krishna Cult;
Socio-religious ideals of Meera Bai.
6. Forms of Nirguna Bhakti : Sant Kabir's response to the contemporary socio-religious situation; Guru
Nanak's religious ideology and its social implications.
UNIT-III
7. Development of a Liberal Outlook : Abul Fazl's family and milieu; the nature of ideological debates;
his social and religious outlook; his impact on state and society.
8. Akbar's Intervention in the Socio-Religious Sphere : Akbar's religious views; introduction of mahzar
and breach with orthodox ulama; principles and significance of Din-i-Ilahi; attitude towards social
inequities.
9. Dara Shikoh and Liberal Outlook : Life and milieu; work on Sufism; studies in Hinduism and
comparative religion.
UNIT-IV
10. Revival of Muslim Orthodoxy : Life and Career of Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi; his social and religious
beliefs; his impact on state and society.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 43
11. Mughal Architecture : Akbar's buildings at Fatehpur Sikri; elements of change under Jahangir;
culmination of the imperial style under Shahjahan; decline and legacy.
12. Mughal Painting : Establishment of the Shahi Qalam; emergence of a new tradition under Jahangir;
response to European techniques and themes; developments in the post-Jahangir phase.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Alavi, Azra, Socio-Religious Outlook of Abul Fazl, Delhi : Idarah-i-Adabiyat-i-Delli, 1983 (Rep.).
2. Ashraf, K.M., Life and Conditions of the People of Hindustan, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal,
1970 (2nd Ed).
3. Chandra, Satish, Medieval India : From Sultanat to the Mughals, Parts I & II, New Delhi : Har
Anand Publications, 2003.
4. Grewal, J.S., Guru Nanak in History, Chandigarh : Panjab University, 1979 (Rep.).
5. Habib, Irfan, “Akbar and Social Inequities : A Study of the Evolution of His Ideas”, Proceedings of
the Indian History Congress, 53rd Session, Warangal, 1992-93.
6. Husain, Yusuf, Glimpses of Medieval Indian Culture, Bombay : Asia Publishing House, 1973,
(Rep.).
7. Majumdar, R.C. (ed)., The History and Culture of the Indian People, Vol. VII, Bombay : Bhartiya
Vidya Bhawan, 1980.
8. Mirza, Wahid, The Life and Works of Amir Khusrau, Delhi : Idarah-i-Adabiyat-i-Delli, 1974 (Rep.).
9. Nizami, M.A., Religion and Politics in India During the Thirteenth Century, New Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 2002.
10. Nizami, K.A. (ed.), Politics and Society During the Early Medieval Period : Collected Works of
Professor Mohammad Habib, Vol. I, New Delhi : Peoples Publishing House, 1974.
11. Tara Chand, Influence of Islam on Indian Culture, Allahabad : The Indian Press (Publications), 1976
(Rep.).
12. Yasin, Mohammad, A Social History of Islamic India, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1974,
(Rep.).
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Asher, Catherine B., Architecture of Mughal India, New Delhi : Cambridge University Press, 1992.
2. Askari, S.H., Amir Khusrau As An Historian, Patna : Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library, 1988.
3. Beach, Milo Cleveland, Mughal and Rajput Painting, New Delhi : Cambridge University Press,
1992.
4. Habib, Irfan (Ed.), Akbar and His India, New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1997.
5. Hardy, Peter, Historians of Medieval India, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1997.
6. Pawar, Kiran (Ed.), Women in Indian History, Patiala : Vision and Venture, 1996.
7. Rizvi, S.A.A., Religious and Intellectual History of Muslim in Akbar's Reign, New Delhi :
Munshiram Manoharlal, 1975.
8. Rizvi, S.A.A., Muslim Revivalist Movements in Northern India in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth
Centuries, New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal, 1990 (Rep.).
9. Sharma, Krishan, Bhakti and Bhakti Movement : A New Perspective, New Delhi : Munshiram
Manoharlal, 1987.
10. Vanina, Euginia, Ideas and Society in India from 16th to 18th Century, New Delhi : Oxford
University Press, 1996.
44 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
Paper IV Opt. (iii) : SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF INDIA C. 1750-1947 A.D.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks
UNIT-I
1. India in the 18th and Early 19th Centuries : Formation of social groups; consolidation of traditional
society; emergence of colonial society.
2. Caste in India : Historical origins; colonial perceptions of caste; continuity and change.
3. Demographic Trends c.1757-1947 : Population growth; composition; occupational structure;
regional variation.
UNIT-II
4. Education : Indigenous; new institutions; response to new education.
5. Social Reform : Critique of Indian society; agenda of social reform movements; social legislation.
6. Formation of Socio-Religious Identities : Hindu consciousness; Muslim solidarity; Sikh identity.
UNIT-III
7. Emergence of Middle Classes : Professional, Commercial and Industrial; Socio-cultural role.
8. The Depressed Classes : Definition and numbers; place in traditional society; issue of upliftmentgovernment
policies; missionaries and social reforms; Ambedkar and Gandhi on the depressed
classes.
9. Tribal Communities : Organization; relations with state and settled societies; nature and dimensions
of change.
UNIT-IV
10. Women : Location of women in traditional society; debates on sati, age of consent, widow
remarriage; new professions and political participation.
11. Medicine and Disease : Traditional medicine; introduction of Western medicine; responses to
epidemic disease—smallpox, plague and cholera.
12. Literature and Fine Arts : Emergence of Urdu and regional literatures; music; painting.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Baird, Robert (ed.), Religion in India, New Delhi, Manohar, 1995 (relevant essays; 3rd edition).
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 45
2. Banga, Indu and Jaidev (eds.), Cultural Reorientation in Modern India, Shimla, IIAS, 1996 (relevant
essays).
3. Barun De, Presidential Address to the Indian History Congress, 49th Session, Dharwad, 1988.
4. Brass, Paul, Language, Religion and Politics, New Delhi, Vikas, 1975 (India edn.).
5. Bayly, C.A., Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire, The New Cambridge History of
India II.1, Delhi, Orient Longman, 1990 (1st Published 1987).
6. Bayly, Susan, Caste, Society and Politics in India, The New Cambridge History of India, IV.3,
Cambridge University Press, 1999.
7. Datta Kali Kinkar, A Social History of India, New Delhi, MacMillan, 1975.
8. Forbes, Geraldine, Women in Modern India, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1990.
9. Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand, Selected Writings on Untouchability, Ahmedabad, Navjivan.
10. Grewal, J.S., Perspectives on Sikh Identity, Patiala : Punjabi University, 2001.
11. Jones, Kenneth W., Socio-Religious Reform Movements in British India, New Cambridge History of
India, New Delhi, Foundation Books, 1994.
12. K. Suresh Singh, ed., The Tribal Situation in India, Simla, IIAS, 1972.
13. King, Anthony, D., Colonial Urban Development, Culture, Social Power and Government, London,
Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1976.
14. Lata Mani, Contentious Traditions, The Debate on Sati, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1998.
15. Misra, B.B., The Indian Middle Classes, Their Growth in Modern Times, New Delhi, Oxford
University Press, 1978 (reprint).
16. Mohan, Kamlesh, Constructing Religion and Caste and Manipulating Identities in Colonial India;
(19th to 20th century) in Social Sciences Research Journal (Panjab University), Special Issue
1993, (I).
17. Nair, Janaki, Women and Law in Colonial India, A Social History, New Delhi, Kali for Women,
1996.
18. Pande, Geetanjali, North Indian Intelligentsia and Hindu Muslim Question, A Study of Prem
Chand's Writings, 'Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XIX, No. 38, Sept. 1984; Social
Transformation and Creative Imagination (ed. Sudhir Chandra) Delhi, Allied, 1984.
19. Panikar, K.N., Culture, Ideology and Hegemony, Intellectuals and Social Consciousness in Colonial
India, Delhi, Tulika, 1995, pp. 34-85.
20. Srinivas, M.N., Social Change in Modern India, New Delhi : Orient Longman, 1992 (reprint).
21. Webster, John C.B., Christian Community and Change in Nineteenth Century North India, Delhi,
MacMillan, 1976.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. Ambedkar, B.R., Annhiliation of Caste.
2. Anil Kumar, Medicine and the Raj, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1998.
3. Basu, Aparna, Growth of Education and Political Development in India, 1898-1920, New Delhi,
Oxford University Press, 1974.
4. Cohn, Bernard, 'The Command of Language and the Language of Command', Subaltern Studies, IV,
Delhi, OUP, 1990, 276-329.
5. Dharma Kumar and Tapan Raychaudhuri eds., The Cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. II,
Delhi, Orient Longman, 1984.
6. Gupta, S.K., The Scheduled Castes in Modern Indian Politics, New Delhi, Munshiram Manoharlal,
1985.
7. Hanlon, Rosalind, Caste, Conflict and Ideology, Mahatma Jotirao Phule, Low Caste Protest in
Nineteenth Century Western India, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1985.
46 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
8. Hay, Stephen, Sources of Indian Tradition, 2nd edn. Vol. II, Modern India and Pakistan,
Viking/Penguin, 1991.
9. Jones, Kenneth W., Arya Dharm, The Hindu Consciousness in the 19th Century Punjab, New Delhi,
Manohar Publications, 1976.
10. Joshi, V.C. (ed.), Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Process of Indian Awakening, New Delhi, Vikas, 1971.
11. King, Christopher, One Language, Two Scripts, The Hindi Movement and Nineteenth Century North
India, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1994.
12. Keer, Dhananjaya, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Life and Mission, Bombay, Popular Prakashan, 1984.
13. Metcalf, Barbara Daly, Islamic Revival in British India, Deoband 1860-1900, Princeton,
New Jersey, Princeton University Press, 1982.
14. Megh, Ramesh Kuntal & Om Prakash Avasthy (eds.), Prem Chand, Hamare Samkalin (Hindi),
Amritsar, GNDU, 1986.
15. Omvedt, Gail, Dalits and the Democratic Revolution, Dr. Ambedkar and the Dalit Movement in
Colonial India, New Delhi, Sage, 1994.
16. Pannikkar, K.N., Culture, Ideology, Hegemony, Intellectual and Social Consciousness in Colonial
India, New Delhi, Tulika, 1995.
17. Pawar, Kiran (ed.), Women in Indian History, Patiala, Vision and Venture, 1996 (relevant essays).
18. Rao, M.S.A. (ed.), Social Movements in India, Vols. I & II, New Delhi, Manohar Publications,
1979.
19. Srinivas, M.N., Caste in Modern India and Other Essays, Bombay, Media Promoters & Publisher,
1992.
20. Webster, John C.B., The Dalit Christians, A History, New Delhi, ISPCK, 1994.
Paper IV Opt. (iv) : SACRED CENTRES IN THE INDIAN CIVILIZATION
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER-SETTERS AND CANDIDATES :
(i) The theory question paper will be of 80 marks and 20 marks will be for internal assessment.
(ii) For private candidates, who have not been assessed earlier for internal assessment, the marks secured
by them in theory paper will proportionately be increased to maximum marks of the paper in lieu of
internal assessment.
The paper setter must put note (ii) in the question paper.
The syllabus has been divided into four units.
There shall be 9 questions in all. The first question is compulsory and shall be short answer type
containing 15 short questions spread over the whole syllabus to be answered in about 25 to 30 words each.
The candidates are required to attempt any 10 short answer type questions carrying 20 marks i.e. 2 marks of
each. Rest of the paper shall contain 4 units. Each unit shall have two essay type questions, and the
candidates shall be given internal choice of attempting one question from each Unit – 4 in all. Each
question will carry 15 marks
UNIT-I
1. Sacred Centres – an Overview : Notion of the Sacred and spread of centres; social, cultural and
eonomic functions; resources and patronage.
2. Organisation of Sacred Centres : Priestly Class; non-priestly functionaries with special reference to
the temple dancers; management.
3. Buddhist and Jain Sacred Centres : The Buddhist Centres; the Jain Centres.
SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION 47
4.
UNIT-II
4. Tirupati : The temple and the mode of worship; resources and patronage; administration; pilgrims
and pilgrimage.
5. Jagannath Puri : The temple and the mode of worship; economy and administration; socio-cultural
role.
6. Nathdwara : The temples and the mode of worship; resources and management; socio-cultural
influence.
UNIT-III
7. Varanasi : Emergence as a Shaiva Centre; rituals and ritual specialists; continuity and change.
8. Shakta Sacred Centres : Major centres with special reference to the Goddess in Himachal; worship
and management of Meenakshi Temple.
9. Prayag : Sacred Complex; rituals and the practice of religious suicide; the Kumbha fair.
UNIT-IV
10. The Sufi Centres : Emergence of Dargahs in India; Ajmer Sharif- the Urs festival; its resources and
administration.
11. The Golden Temple : History and Management; worship; resources and patronage.
12. The Popular Cult of Salar Masud Ghazi : Historical references; festivities and pilgrims;
administration.
ESSENTIAL READINGS
1. Currie, P.M., The Shrine and Cult of Mu 'in-al-Din Chishti of Ajmer, New Delhi : Oxford University
Press, 1989.
2. Dubey, D.P., Prayaga—The Site of Kumbha Mela, New Delhi : Aryan Books International, 2001.
3. Jindal, Rajendra, Culture of a Sacred Town, Bombay : Popular Prakashan, 1976.
4. Kaur, Madanjit, The Golden Temple, Past and Present, Amritsar : Guru Nanak Dev University,
1983.
5. Mishra, K.C., The Cult of Jagannatha, Calcutta : K.L. Mukhopadhyay, 1971.
6. Saraswati, Baidyanath, Kashi, Myth and Reality of a Classical Cultural Tradition, Shimla : Indian
Institute of Advanced Study, 1975.
7. Sitapati, P., The Lord of the Seven Hills, Tirupati, Bombay : Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan, 1989.
8. Troll, Christian W., Muslim Shrines in India, Their Character, History and Significance, New
Delhi : Oxford University Press, 1989.
REFERENCE READINGS
1. C. Anna Rao, Administration of Temples, Tiriputi : Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam, 1998.
2. Cunningham, A., Mahabodhi or the Great Buddhist Temple under the Bodhi Tree at Buddha-Gaya,
Varanasi : Indological Book House, n.d.
3. Eschmann, Annsharlot, Hermann Kulke and Gaya Charan Tripathi, The Cult of Jagannath and the
Regional Tradition of Orissa, Delhi : Manohar, 1978.
4. Grewal, J.S., Religious Movements and Institutions in Medieval India, Vol. VII, Part 2, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 2006.
5. Fullur, C.J., Servants of the Goddess—The Priests of a South Indian Temple, Cambridge :
Cambridge University Press, 1984.
6. Nandi, R.N., Religious Institutions and Cults in the Deccan, Delhi : Motilal Banarasidass, 1973.
7. Patnaik, N., Cultural Tradition in Puri, Shimla : Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1977.
8. Ramanaiah, J., Temples of South India, New Delhi : Concept Publishing Company, 1989.
48 SYLLABUS FOR M.A. PART II HISTORY EXAMINATION
9. Sharma, Mahesh, The Realm of Faith, Subversion, Appropriation and Dominance in Western
Himalaya, Shimla : Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 2001.
10. Subaramaiah, S., Finances of an Indian Temple, Jullundur, International Book Company, 1968.
11. Thapar, Romila, Cultural Transaction and Early India, Tradition and Patronage, New Delhi :
Oxford University Press, 2000.
12. O'Connell, Joseph T., Organizational and Institutional Aspects of Indian Religious Movements,
Shimla : Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1999.
-----------------------
Published by : Professor S.S. Bari, Registrar, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
