302. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
Unit I
1. Objectives, roles and landmarks in plant breeding.
2. Special breeding techniques: Mutational breeding and distant hybridization.
3. Generation of genetically modified crops for resistance against biotic and abiotic
stresses and nutritional quality.
4. Seed production techniques: release of new varieties.
UNIT II
1. Introduction to plant tissue culture: Tissue Culture Media preparation.
2. Initiation of callus culture and its maintenance.
3. Cell synchronization
4. Organogenesis: Somatic embryo hybridization.
UNIT III
1. Somaclonal variation and its application for plant improvement
2. Anther culture: haploid and Diploid plant cell production and their applications
3. Protoplast isolation and fusion, selection of hybrid cell and cybrids
4. Cryopreservation techniques and application
UNIT IV
1. Plant cloning vectors: ti Plasmid and viral vectors (CaMV based vectors, Gemini viruses,
TMV based vectors, Antisense RNA and ribosome technology
2. Transgenics in crop improvement: Methods for gene transfer field, Chloroplast
transformation, testing and commercialization.
3. Marker assisted selection: Morphological, Biochemical and Molecular markers,
advantages and disadvantages, choice of mapping populations
4. Plant DNA fingerprinting: Hybridization and PCR based markers (RFLP, SSR’s, RAPD,
QTLs, SCARS, AFLP etc )
UNIT V
1. Plant Genome mapping: Physical and molecular maps , Gene tagging
2. insect resistance, Bt genes, Non-Bt like protease inhibitors, alpha amylase inhibitor, green
House technology
3. Seed production techniques, release of new varieties and plant breeders' right: UPOV 369,
370, 372. germplasm maintenance
4. intellectual property right (IPR) and protection (IPP, Patenting of Biological material
Practical Exercises
1. Preparation of media
2. Surface sterilization
3. Organ Culture
4. Callus propagation, organogenesis, transfer of plants to soil
5. Protoplast isolation and culture
6. Anther culture, production of haploids
7. Agrobacterium culture, selection of transformant, receptor genes (GUS) assays
8. Genomic DNA isolation from seeds and plant tissues, electrophoretic analysis
9. restriction digestion of plant genomic DNA
10. Setting up of PCR reactions
Reference Books
1. Plant Biotechnology, Springer Verlag, 2000j.Hammond. P, Mc Garvey and V.Yusibov
(Eds)
2. Introduction to plant tissue culture by Kalayan Kumar
3. Plant tissue culture by Bhojwani
4. Practical applications of Plant Molecular Biology by Henery et al
5. Principles of Plant Biotechnology by Montell SH et al
6. Plant Genome Analysis by PM Gresshoff
7. Essentials pf Plant Breeding by Phudan Singh
8. Biotechnology: Theory and Techniques Vol I & II by Jack Chirikjian
9. Genetic Engineering by Sandhya Mitra
10. Plant Molecular Biology Vol I & II by Phillip M Gimartin &chris Bowler
