204: BASIC ENZYMOLOGY AND ENVIORNMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Part A. Basic Enzymology
UNIT I
1. Enzyme : Historical aspects, Classification and nomenclature
2. Mechanism of Enzyme catalysis and action
3. Methods of enzyme assay: Continuous & Sampling techniques, coupled kinetic assays,
Significance of enzyme turn over number, Specific activity.
4. Enzyme purification techniques, Criteria of purity and tabulation of data
characterization of purified enzymes
UNIT II
1. Enzyme Engineering: site directed mutagenesis
2. Enzyme kinetics: Determination of Vmax and km., factors effecting rate of reaction
3. Enzyme inhibition: Types and significance
4. Rapid reaction techniques
UNIT III
1. Enzyme immobilization: Experimental procedures and effect on kinetic parameters
2. Uses of enzymes in Industries, textiles, leather and food
3. Use of purified enzymes in Biosensors
4. Development of enzyme sensor for clini9cal diagnosis with specific examples
Practical Exercises:
1. Unease estimation in plant tissues
2. Assay of alkaline phosphatase in kidney and Liver
3. Determination of optimum pH, temperature & Time
4. Determination of Km value of alkaline phosphatase
5. Enzyme purification: Ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography,
molecular sieve chromatography
6. Checking of purity of enzyme by PAGE
7. Molecular weight determination of enzyme by Gel filtration
8. Immobilization of HRP (Horse reddish peroxidase)
9. Kinetic properties of Immobilized HRP
10. Sub cellular fractionation of rat liver and marker enzyme assays
Reference Books
1. The nature of enzymology by R.L.Foster
2. Enzymes by Dixon and Webb
3. Fundamentals of Enzymology by Price and Stevens
4. Enzyme catalysis and regulation by Hammers
5. Enzyme reaction mechanisms by Walsch
6. The Enzymes Vol. I & II by Boyer
7. Enzyme Structure and Mechanism by Alan Fersht
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8. Enzyme Assays: A Practical approach by Eisenthal and Danson
9. Enzyme Biotechnology by G.Tripathi
10. Practical Biochemistry by Plummer
11. Practical biochemistry by sawhney and R.Singh
Part B. Enviornmental Biotechnology
UNIT IV
1. Environment: basic concepts, Environment pollution: types, methods for measurement
of pollution
2. Waste treatment & Utilization:
3. Biomedical waste and its management
4. Xenobiotics and its degradation
UNIT V
1. Integrated pest management- An ecological approach
2. Bioremediation: In -situ and ex -situ techniques, advantages of bioremediation,
applications of genetically engineered microbes (GEM) in bioremediation.
3. Phytoremediation: Types and its applications
4. Environmental monitoring: Bioindicators
Practical Exercises
1. Determination of dissolved oxygen concentration of water sample
2. Determination of biological oxygen demand (BOD) of sewage sample
3. Determination of Chemical oxygen demand (COD) of sewage sample
4. Isolation of xenobiotic degrading bacteria by selective enrichment technique
5. Test for the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria
6. Survey of degradative plasmids in microbes growing in polluted environment
7. Study on biogenic methane production in different habitats
Reference Books
1. Comprehensive Biotechnology. Vol. 4,M. moo- young (Ed-in-chief), Pergmon Press
Oxford
2. Environmental chemistry. A.K.De, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi
3. Introduction to Biodeterioration. D.Allsopp and Seal, ELBS/ Edward Arnold
4. Environmental Biotechnologies and Cleaner Bioprocess by Eugenia J Olguuin et al
5. Environmental Science: Physical Principles and applications by Egbert Booker et al
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Lab Course III
Consists of practical exercises listed out under 201 & 202
Lab Course IV
Consists of practical exercises listed out under 203 & 204
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